Dreamland

In the book Dreamland Sarah Dessen explores and illustrates physical abuse and loving someone so much that you can not leave. Catlin O’Koren shows many signs of getting abused such as bruises, feeling mentally drained and using drugs to escape the pain. By the middle of the book Catlin’s friend Rina suspects something is wrong with Catlin but says nothing because she feels it might ruin their friendship. Catlin then becomes emotionally and physically attached to Rogerson, and if she ever if late for something she fears that he might hurt her, but she for some reason also feels safe around him.In the book Dreamland the main character Catlin O’Koren deals with many challenges such as, her sister Cass running away, physical abuse, and later going to rehab for drugs. At the beginning of the book the main character Catlin woke up on her birthday to find a present from her sister Cass sitting outside of her door with a letter attached to it saying that she had run away . †My sister Cass ran away the morning of my sixteenth birthday, she left a present, wrapped sitting outside my door (Pg. 1, Par. 1)†.Cass was supposed to go to Yale in a few days but was feeling too much pressure from her parents to be perfect, so Cass ran away with her boyfriend Adam to be together. Catlin then becomes lost without Cass around and feels she has no one to tell her feelings to since Catlin has been with Cass her whole life. In the middle of the book Catlin was watching Television when she saw Cass on a television show called â€Å"The Larmont Whipper Show† Catlin and Her parents finally find out that Cass has run away to New York, and watch the show everyday to try and catch a glimpse of Cass.Cass finally decides to call home and tell them where she went and that she is okay, but Catlin will not talk to her because she is afraid to hear her sister’s voice again. Catlin then gets a letter at the end of the book from Cass saying that she was not happy and Yale was the last place she wanted to be. By the end of the book when Catlin comes home from Rehab Cass is there at her welcoming home party. Cass running away was a prime example of the challenges that Catlin faced throughout the book. â€Å"One thing I have learned over the past couple of months, it is that sometimes you have to close your eyes and just jump (pg. 38, par. 16)†. Catlin First meets Rogerson at the car wash and vacuum station when she was getting quarters for her friend to clean her car. Catlin’s friends had an opinion about Rogerson, and that opinion was right, that he looks like a drug dealer. Their relationship starts off with Catlin seeing Rogerson’s dad abusing him because he was late to one of their parties. Rogerson then feels the need to get his anger out by hitting Catlin. Rogerson first abuses Catlin after the athletic banquet at school, because he had to wait a long time for Catlin after she stopped to see if Rina was oka y â€Å"when he hit me, I didn’t see it coming.It was a quick blur, a flash out of the corner of my eye, and then the side of my face exploding, burning, as his hand slammed against me ( )†. This was Catlin’s thought as Rogerson hit her for the first time. Rogerson then began to hit Catlin all the time, even over the slightest thing, if she showed up late to anything, was seen with another guy, or even just for fun, he would hit her. Rogerson then began hitting Catlin places where it was not noticeable and she could cover it up easily. Catlin then became an avid drug user to drown her feelings since she was not able to tell anybody about Rogerson abusing her.The last time that Rogerson hit Catlin was because Rina took Catlin to her lake house and she was late to meet Rogerson at her house. She knew the hit was coming but never expected it to be as hard as it was. The hit was so hard that when he hit her and she got out of the car and fell on to her lawn and blac ked out. He began kicking her telling her to get up, when Catlin’s mother came out of the house to stop Rogerson and called the police on him. Rogerson then went to jail but even after him hitting her she still loved him. This is book is a love story about loving someone so much that you cannot leave.Rogerson hitting Catlin is an example of physical abuse loving someone a little too much. At the end of the book Catlin finally admits to her parents about doing drugs to escape the pain and ends up going to Evergreen, a rest care facility. When she first gets there she is very shy and does not want to talk to her therapist, but once she is there longer she begins to open up and tell him about what had happened to her. While she was in the rest care facility she thought about Rogerson constantly and how she still loves him and misses him â€Å"After all that happened, how could I miss him?But I did. I did (pg. 233 par. 27)†. This is Catlin explaining that after all that ha ppened with Rogerson she still missed him. After a month of being in Evergreen Catlin was making a lot of progress and was let out of the facility. When she arrived home she was surprised by a welcome home party with Rina, Boo, Stewart, and her mom and dad. Catlin starts telling everyone about her time at evergreen when her sister Cass shows up to the party. Catlin seeing Cass there was like a sense of relief and that she could finally take a deep breath and get out of dreamland.Catlin going to Evergreen, then coming home to see Cass was a brilliant way to end the book and Catlin going to Evergreen was something people should know a little more about. Catlin faces many challenges in the book such as her sister Cass running away, physical abuse, and going to rehab for drugs. Sarah Dessen does this in a very compelling and interesting way. This was a great topic to read about and everyone should be informed about how physical abuse can mentally and physically hurt you. Sarah Dessen do es a great job explaining a difficult topic for some people.

Roles of Reality in Children’s Literature

The Role of Reality in Children’s Literature Anna Scott The Role of Reality in Children’s Literature Historical Fiction Historical Realism attempts to recreate a reality of the past, to capture the milieu of a time gone by and must be set at least a generation before the writing of the book. It has the power to broaden our horizons, to learn more about the people and places of our world by reading about the past—where we all came from (Russell, 2009). One such powerful story, one of the inhumanity and sacrilege of World War II and a family’s journey through it all is Lois Lowry’s Number the Stars.Family and Social Values Number the Stars is an excellent example of historical fiction which deals directly with the Nazi regime. Here and there is a bit of violence, suspense and fear of the soldiers, but it is mostly a story of bravery, courage, friendship and hope. A young girl named Annemarie Johanson grows up in occupied Denmark during the Second Worl d War. She learns first-hand about the plight of the Jews in her country when she and her family help her best friend Ellen Rosen and her family escape to Sweden.A soldier appears when the Johanson’s take Ellen in for one night while Ellen’s mother and father are taken to a safe place. Annemarie helps Ellen by hiding her Star of David necklace so the soldiers do not see it. Ellen pretends to be Annemarie’s dead sister Lise and is hopeful that the soldiers do not find out. The next day Annemarie, her mother, Annemarie’s Uncle Henrik and Brother-in-law Peter help Ellen and her family flee to Sweden. During the most intense parts of the book, the two families (Johanson’s and Rosen’s) are often put face to face with the enemy.At one point, the family is gathered around a coffin along with other families in hopes to meet to discuss future events that will aid in their safe departure from the country. But when a soldier enters and demands the coff in be opened, the family must decide quickly a plan to fool the soldier and to convince him that they are truly mourning a death, and not conspiring against the soldiers. Uncle Henrik tells Annemarie: â€Å"It is much easier to be brave if you do not know everything†¦ e only know what we need to know† (Lowry, 1989) and Annemarie quickly discovers that it is better to know less than to know the truth, as the fear is so much more apparent when the truth is known. This story is filled with aspects of respect and unity as both families treat each other equally and protect each other, even though Ellen’s family is Jewish and Annemarie’s isn’t. Ellen and Annemarie’s friendship is a true testament to how far you will go to protect a friend. Almost every character exemplifies bravery in one way or another.Annemarie does not think she is brave even though she took her Uncle his forgotten â€Å"lunch† and takes on two German soldiers. When Uncle Henrik tells her, â€Å"That’s all that brave means, not thinking about the dangers. Just thinking about what you must do† (Lowry, 1989), Annemarie learns that being scared or frightened does not mean that one is not brave. Annemarie and her family push through the fears and the unknown to strive for what is right and what they believe in. Literary elements and structural devicesNumber the Stars is a serious yet hopeful story that provides details about wartime experience. Told in third person, Number the Stars reflects a child’s view of the Nazi occupation in Denmark. The characters main cultures are Danish, Jewish and German and it is assumed that the characters have traditional gender roles and behaviors. The story is set in the Protagonist against Society conflict where the protagonists are the main characters: Annemarie and her family and Ellen and her family and they are against the Nazis values and morals.Number the Stars is a coming of age story about fa mily and close friends that entails the characters likes, dislikes, struggles and triumphs. Based in fact or History In Number the Stars, Lowry tells of the realistic story of life in Denmark during World War II through the lives of two young girls, but while reading there is not too much evidence that the story is not real. The book tells the true events of the Nazi soldiers in that time period as well as Jewish people becoming targeted by Nazi’s and other’s helping them hide.According to Lowry, Number the Stars is a novel that was inspired by a friend who had grown up in Denmark during World War II. It is based on hours of conversations with her friend and others who experienced the hardships of World War II and in much of her writing; Lowry tries to tell the big story by relating small details (â€Å"Study Guide for Number the Stars (pdf)†, n. d). Most of her explanation about where the story came from and where fact ends and fiction begins is at the end of t he book in the Afterword.Here she explains that she had always been fascinated and moved by her friends descriptions not only of the personal deprivation and sacrifices that her family and neighbors suffered through but the courage and integrity of the Danish people and the leadership of the kind they loved, Christian X (â€Å"Study Guide for Number the Stars (pdf)†, n. d). Reading this afterword, adds an element to the story that you thought was already there. You can easily identify the time, place and discover the families while you are shown examples of honor, hope, friendship, bravery and courage all knowing that portions of the story have a small inkling of truth.Summary We read realism because we are interested in the lives of the characters—their loves, fears, likes, dislikes, struggles, and triumphs. What we learn is that human beings of different times and places have a great deal in common (Russell, 2009). In Number the Stars, there are lessons of friendship , honor, respect, unity, and bravery within the story. Lois Lowry gives us a moving story that shows us in the face of Nazi bigotry and hatred, honor and hope still prevail. We are told that we can learn from the past, that we can avoid the same mistakes however, covering it up does not erase it.Being ignorant only leaves us unprepared for the future so we should not only uncover the horrors of the past, but also show the glories as well. References EBOOK COLLECTION:  Russell, D. L. (2009). Literature for children: A short introduction (6th ed. ). Boston, MA: Pearson/Allyn & Bacon. Lowry, L. (1989). Number the Stars. New York, New York: Houghton Mifflin Books for Children. Study Guide for Number the Stars (PDF). (n. d. ), Retrieved from http://www. glencoe. com/sec/literature/litlibrary/pdf/number_the_stars. pdf

A Study on the Effect and Impact of Relocation in the Life of Humans

A Study on the Effect and Impact of Relocation in the Life of Humans Human migration is an essential part of survival. Human beings had always migrated to different parts of the world due to varying reasons. Main factors have always been wars, economy and diseases. Migration of humans not only affects the area from which they migrate, it also affects the country or region to which they are migrating. Politics, economy and social life of the host country suffers from the effects of migration. Depending upon various factors, these effects can be positive or negative. Southern Europe, India, Western Asia, Pre-Columbian America and China have been the target of human migration due to their resources and strategic positions. These countries thrived economically and politically due to human migration because they were able to make the immigrants a part of their society. Human migration can cause serious problems for the host country when the society is unable to integrate the immigrants in the social circle. This situation results in extreme racial problems between the natives and immigrants. Migration can have negative and positive effects on both the host (beneficiary) nation, and the first nation. The beneficiary nation is normally an industrialized nation in Western Europe, or the United States. For these nations, foreigners offer different advantages, for example, the accompanying. Settlers will frequently do tasks that individuals in the host nation will not, or cannot do. Transient specialists frequently work longer hours and for lower pay rates, keeping in mind that is disputable, now and again exploitive, it advantages the host nation. Outsiders, when made to feel welcome in the host society, can add to the differing qualities of that society, which can help with resistance and understanding. For the host nations economy, migrants offer an expanded ability pool, on the off chance that they have been knowledgeable in their unique nation. In any case, there are likewise various downsides. Foreigners can be misused for their shoddy work. Creating nations might endur e cerebrum channel as the restricted assets they spend in teaching their understudies add up to next to no if that ability is lured to another nation. The past connection points of interest this issue further. Migration can likewise draw in criminal components, from trafficking in medications and individuals to different types of wrongdoing and debasement. Movement can turn into a social/political issue, where bigotry can be utilized to endeavor sentiments or as a reason for current troubles of nearby populace. Where there is an observation that migrants and displaced people seem to get a bigger number of advantages than neighborhood destitute individuals, strains and threats can likewise rise. Worries about unlawful migration can overflow to sick emotions towards the greater part of outsiders who are reputable and adding to the economy. Numerous pass on attempting to escape their scrape and this can regularly stand out as truly newsworthy giving the appearance that migration is lar gely illicit and wild. Regardless of what have all the earmarks of being vast populace developments, scientists noticed some time prior that individuals still are not ready to move as uninhibitedly as things? In a few spots everywhere, there are extra limitations being set up on individuals developments. An antiquated human progress is characterized to be in the Bronze Age by either refining its own copper and alloying with tin, arsenic, or different metals, or by exchanging for bronze from generation regions somewhere else. Copper-tin minerals are uncommon, as reflected in the way that there were no tin bronzes in western Asia before exchanging bronze started in the third thousand years BC. Around the world, the Bronze Age largely took after the Neolithic period, however in a few sections of the world, the Copper Age served as a move from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age. In spite of the fact that the Iron Age for the most part took after the Bronze Age, in a few ranges, the Iron Age encroached straightforwardly on the Neolithic from outside the district. The improvement of states—vast scale, crowded, politically concentrated, and socially stratified nations/social orders administered by capable rulers—marks one of the significant turning points in the advancement of human social orders. Archeologists regularly recognize essential (or perfect) states and auxiliary states. Essential states advanced autonomously through generally inward formative procedures as opposed to through the impact of some other prior state. The most punctual known essential states showed up in Mesopotamia ca. 3800 B.C., in Egypt ca. 3400 BC., in the Indus Valley ca. 2600 B.C., India ca 1800 B. C., and in China ca. 1700 B.C. As they communicated with their less created neighbors through exchange, fighting, relocation, and more summed up ideological impacts, the essential states straightforwardly or in a roundabout way encouraged the development of optional states in encompassing territories, for instance, the Hittites in Anatolia, the Minoan and My cenaean conditions of the Aegean, or the Nubian kingdoms in the Sudan. Teacher Gil Stein at the University of Chicago Oriental Institute expresses The unearthing and archeological studies of the most recent couple of decades have immeasurably expanded both the amount and nature of what we think about antiquated states and urbanism. Archeologists have expanded the extent of their exploration past the conventional spotlight on rulers and urban elites. Flow examine now goes for comprehension the part of urban ordinary people, make masters, and town based ranchers in the general association of old states and social orders. Given the massive geological extension incorporated by the expression the Ancient World. The specialty of iron generation from metal emerged regarding the acts of copper and lead advances in Anatolia, in northern Syria and perhaps at the same time in some portion of Iran. Iron metals were included as fluxes for treatment of sulfide copper minerals. Iron drops, which the neighborhood makers distinguished officially 3100 years BC, contrasting these and meteoritic iron, as of now alluded to the presence of the likelihood of delivering iron, yet this just happened essentially 16 centuries later. Since that time, it is important to figure that just little measures of this, in that time, uncommon metal committed to the most astounding strata of populace or to the sovereigns and their courts could escape this range, most likely as blessings just. Antiquated Egyptians record broad contact in their Western desert with individuals that seem to have been Berber or proto-Berber, and Nubians from the south. As the rock craftsmanship discoveries in the Sahara have demonstrated, the Sa hara likewise facilitated different populaces before its fast desertification in 3600 B.C. whats more, even today keeps on facilitating little populaces of traveling trans-Saharan people groups.

Risk Management in Banking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Risk Management in Banking - Essay Example The new deposit account offered by Andrew Bank Ltd. may have a number of unforeseen risks, since the response of the target customers is unknown. Therefore, the management of the bank must adopt a risk management model that is effective enough to identify the future risks, the bank will be exposed to after introducing the Abide a Wee While Deposit Account. In order to measure risk, the key factors or risk factors that are likely to cause unpredictability in the returns from the new account should be considered (Crouhy, Galai and Mark, 2006). There are a number of problems associated with models of risk management, and which will help analyze the risks likely to face Andrew Bank after introducing the new bank offering. Some of the problems are discussed in details below. Risk management models are expensive in terms of, production and implementation: Creating a risk management model consumes a lot of time, since all the risk factors must be adequately analyzed, and all necessary information considered. The risk analysis manager must make sure that all the risk factors are identified, and that the relevant data concerning the factors is collected, so as to make more accurate predictions about the future. The risk factors that need to be considered include; lending rates, economic conditions, government policies and political environment among other factors. Models may be even more expensive, in situations where they prove to be ineffective, for example, where the model employed improperly manages an expected risk. The cost of preparing a model may even go higher, since its preparation require experienced personnel who must be compensated for their services. The models may not be reliable: Due to the unpredictable nature of the future, models can not be a hundred percent accurate. Therefore, a rigid model may lead to poor

Corn as biofuel Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Corn as biofuel - Research Paper Example Courting this scenario an alternative source of energy is in its utmost need. At this background a series of alternative sources of energy such as solar energy, hydro electric energy, and atomic energy all made their entrance on the discussion table. However the most new form of alternative might be the bio fuel that nowadays has gathered much interest of the scientists. Among the bio fuels, Jatropha, Pongamia are some very common names, but the recent emergence of corn as a vital source of bio fuel and there by a source of energy might be nothing short of path breaking. However before moving into details regarding the corn fuel it would be wise to consider some associated points before hand. Crude Oil & USA United States of America is the largest consumer of crude oil and the third largest producer. In statistical terms USA produces around 10% of the global crude oil and consumes 24% of the same. Furthermore in order to keep its existence in export market the country indulges in exp orting 1.4 million barrels of crude oil per day. A careful consideration of this situation clearly indicates a demand supple gap that needs to be filled with import of crude oil. It has been estimated that USA in the year 2007 imported 12MMBD that is in terms of percentage 58% of the total domestic demand (Energy Information Center 2008). Dependency of USA in terms of crude oil on other countries and overseas Among the total import of crude oil the Western Hemisphere constitutes 51% of the total import. Canada, Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Mexico and Nigeria are other oil exporting countries in USA in exact order. The following table depicts the dependence of USA in terms of crude oil import based on 2007 data. Name of the Country Percentage of Crude oil exported to USA Western Hemisphere (North, South, Central America along with parts of USA in Caribbean) 51% Canada 23.3% Venezuela 10.7% Saudi Arabia 10.4% Mexico 9.2% Nigeria 8.3% Source: Energy Information Association, 2008 Rickman, 2 009 Alarming news is that this dependency without being reduced over the time is actually increasing and statistics reveals that import of crude oil has actually increased by 0.183 MMBD in August 2008 over the previous month. It should also be kept in mind that countries like Iraq, Brazil, Angola and Kuwait are kept aside of the above table who contributes at substantial level to the USA oil import. (Energy Information Center, n.d.; Energy Information Center 2008) Why should we look at alternative fuels? As mentioned earlier that fossil fuel is limited in availability and it is constantly depleting, at this rate either coal or crude oil can not sustain as the prime form of global energy source beyond 2025 to 2035. Humanity is in search for some alternatives that can be used and re used time and again as a source of energy or at least can be produced at one’s free will. The trade partners of USA in Crude oil and their unfriendly behaviour USA shares a hostile relation apart fr om Saudi Arabia and partially with Kuwait among al the Middle East countries. Among them Iraq and Iran are USA’s arch enemies. Saudi’s oil reserve is depleting and it can not hold for long its position as an important oil exporting country. Kuwaiti oil wells were set in fire long back during the Iraq-Kuwait war and that had eroded the country of the prime position it used to enjoy as oil enriched country. Again historically Middle East is an area that has

Examination and evaluation of supplier partnerships and strategic Essay

Examination and evaluation of supplier partnerships and strategic alliances in the development and management of the supply chain - Essay Example It is also essential that barriers are removed. The factors again vary across industries. There are gaps in the literature and hence it is proposed to undertake a study to determine the variables and form a well planned supply chain to suit individual needs. In order to conduct this research, it is proposed to use the qualitative method of research employing the focus group interviews followed by a detailed case study. The participants would be selected based on their involvement in the supply chain formation process. Focus groups interviews would be better than individual interviews as it is usually a team of members that are responsible for such decisions. Besides, in a group, the members are more expressive than in individual interviews. This data would then help to study it through the case study approach which is essential to have a deeper insight. The ethical issues would be taken into account and it is expected that this research would benefit the future managers responsible i n the forming strategic alliances and partnerships in the supply chain process. Supply chain represents the sequence of process involved in the complete manufacturing and distribution cycle of any product. Globalization, increased price war, changes in technology and the ever increasing-demands of the customer has made the manufacturing companies conscious of these constant changes taking place. To survive in this competitive market strategic alliances and partnerships become inevitable. It became necessary to manage all aspects of the supply chain; they need to cut costs without compromising on quality of product or service. The objective of this paper is to explore and evaluate that strategic alliances and partnerships in the supply chain management have to be well planned to suit individual needs. While a lot of literature is available on how firms have benefited from supply chain management, knowledge is

Questions to be answered Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Questions to be answered - Essay Example If this freezer breaks down due to poor maintenance it will cost them money to repair or replace the broken freezer. Either way, the restaurant needs to have the freezer fixed or replaced in order to keep the products from spoilage and to let the restaurant fully operate. That is why it will cause the restaurant expense if proper maintenance isn’t observed. Second is wastage of resources, for example, ice creams in the restaurant needs to be stored in the freezer to prevent it from melting, if the freezer is broken due to damage or improper maintenance, it will cause the ice cream to melt, and once the ice cream has melted it cannot be served to the guest during the restaurant’s operation, thus causing the restaurant wastage of resources. Third is disruption and inconvenience, for example, if the guest in the restaurant orders an ice cream and the freezer is broken due to damage and improper maintenance as stated above, it will cause disruption and inconvenience to both the guest and restaurant because the order of the guest will be delayed and the restaurant might need to order the ice cream from another outlet causing disruption and inconvenience because of poor maintenance of the equipment. Fourth is erosion of image and reputation, for example, if the restaurant has poor maintenance in their building causing water leaks from the roof and cracks from the wall and allowing termites to crawl out of it, it will give the guest a very bad dining experience and they could also share their unpleasant experience with their friends who are potential customers, thus causing the restaurant’s erosion of image and reputation. Therefore, proper maintenance should always be observed to prevent these consequences from happening. Life cycle costing determines the present value of an asset during its operating life and its end life from initial capital cost, occupation costs and operating costs. It is beneficial to take this approach when managing maintenance because

The Impact of the Peace Pact between Palestine and Israel Research Paper

The Impact of the Peace Pact between Palestine and Israel - Research Paper Example Moreover, Hamas in the eyes of Israel is the perpetrator of violence on Israelites (Gilbert 84). Â  3. Israelites feel that Palestinians should refrain from terrorism because it adversely affects the chances of a successful peace pact between Israel and Palestine. In essence, it makes Israelites mistrust Palestinians regarding their willingness to strike a peace pact and implement it. Â  1. The Palestinians believe that their course against Israel is an act of claiming what is rightfully Palestinian’s. In other words, the destruction of Israel is part of reclaiming their land which was grabbed by Israelites. Â  A. The peace agreement between Israel and Palestine will improve the security of both sides of the conflict. In relation to this, there are various benefits that are dependent on the peace pact. For instance, the peace pact could lead to a decrease in military inventions from both sides. However, for a decrease in a military intervention to become a reality, there are various conditions inclusive in the peace pact process that ought to be.

Dichomtomy During Eisenhower History p5db Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dichomtomy During Eisenhower History p5db - Essay Example Eisenhower perceived an international system dominated by a struggle between communist slavery and American freedom. This struggle was being fought in the Third World, an area dominated by the concept of nationalism. Communism was taking advantage of this spirit of nationalism by attempting to separate the Third World from the West, thus insuring the enslavement of those nations in which the attempt succeeded. Further complicating this struggle was the blindness of America's Western European allies to the fact that they could not retain their empires in light of this nationalism. This made it extremely difficult for the United States to protect these areas since the Third World nations, wary of U.S. allies, were suspicious of U.S. motives. Most importantly, Eisenhower believed that the United States had a moral obligation to protect these nations just as the U.S. government had a moral obligation to protect the individual liberties of its own citizens. The function of government was the same in both instances: to do for others what they could not do for themselves under the obligation of individual initiative. But how were these related to foreign policy outcomes Three examples should suffice to illustrate this relationship (Ambrose, 1999). During 1950s, America overcame terror of the World War II and renewed its economy.

Health Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Health Article - Essay Example Recently in 2011, Normann Stadler, winner of Triathlon underwent a surgery for aortic aneurysm. Cardiac Elctrophysiologist, John Mandrola says that it is only obvious that there is a link between CVD and over exercising since the heart is being constantly inflamed and not being given the time to heal at all. Benjamin Levine, director of the Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine in Dallas and professor of medicine at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center is of the opinion that moderate levels of exercising lends protection from CVD’s but there is no upper limit to this exercising. Since recent studies find that marathon runners suffer from greater instances of coronary plaque and therefore the myth that running bestows a 100% protection must be debunked. Paul Williams, director of project called the National Runners Health Study studied 2377 runners and walkers and found that in 10 years 526 of them died and 71.5% of the death were from CVD’s. The most important conclusion of William’s study is that even though walking or running daily lend protection to the heart, if the distance of walking exceeded a daily limit of 10.7 km or that of running exceeded 7.1 km the person might suffer from CVD’s in the future. There is more than one example of endurance athletes falling prey to cardiovascular diseases in spite of training on a daily basis. Thus, the article clearly vindicates the statement that more exercise does not necessarily mean greater health and over-dose of daily exercises can potentially increase

Meaning of Life and Dad Essay Example for Free

Meaning of Life and Dad Essay The most influential person in my life is my dad. The reason why my dad is the most influential person to me is because he is my dad. My dad has been their for me since day 1. He always had my back through everything no matter how much fights we get into he will always be hear for me. My dad always wants to see me succeed in life he doesn’t want to see me fail. He inspires me in so many different way of what he does. A couple of examples of how my dad inspires me is he always helps me through everything he never let me down. He always told me to stand high and never give up on my dreams he was the one who pushed me to succeed to the person who I am now my dad has always been their for me and he will always have my back. He is my hero! My dad is such a hard working man he always told me to get a good job in this economy because you cant go no where in life without a good gob or a good degree in something. Growing up, my father taught me many valuable lessons, specifically to be kind to everyone and to never give up. These simple but important lessons have shaped my life in its entirety. My dad is the kindest man that I have ever met. He never talks bad about others always helps other people, and always tries to do the right thing no matter what the cost to himself. He is kind, thoughtful generous and honest. I attribute much of who I am as a person to my dad and I thank him for his dedication to our family . My dad gave me the confidence to go out and explore the world around me. From these opportunities, I have acquired skills, gained leadership experience and know that I can do anything if I persevere. I know what it means to be accountable for the decision I make and people entrusted to my care. I have stood up to those who were discriminating and demonstrated that respect for each other is important. I have learned in order to achieve a goal one must make a plan, get others on board, secure necessary resources and then go out and DO IT!!! I learned to not listen to the people who say it is impossible, and to get the complainers involved. I have had unique opportunities to train, lead and mentor. I have seen tragedies and poverty and have learned to appreciate what I have: my family friends university and country. None of these life lessons would have be possible without the support and guidance of my father. My dad always told me to follow my dreams and never let go ever since than I am following my dreams thanks to my dad! He is the most influential person to me in my life.

Geopolitical context Essay Example for Free

Geopolitical context Essay Syriana (2005) was directed by Stephen Gaghan and was produced by George Clooney, who also starred in it. The film, loosely adapted from Robert Baers memoir, See No Evil, is a thriller which focuses on contemporary themes and is highly relevant in todays geopolitical context. It tells four parallel stories, and the audience is taken on a lightning-paced, often confusing ride from Texas to Washington D. C. to Switzerland to Spain to the Middle East. This places it into the genre of hyperlink cinema, where storylines and characters interact subtly and events in one storyline have a distinct effect on other story lines, but the characters are not aware of this fully. Gaghans Syriana is similar in treatment to the documentary feel of Steven Soderberghs Traffic, which was written by Gaghan. While the latter had drug trade exposure as its main theme, both used interlocking stories to take the viewer on a spell-binding ride, which keeps throwing curves till the very end. The ensemble films central theme is petroleum politics and the widespread influence of the oil industry. Key plotlines focus on the political, economic, legal and social ramifications of this industry on CIA agent Bob Barnes (George Clooney) who is highly experienced in the Middle East but his stellar reputation is tainted by his failure in a mission involving missiles in Beirut, an energy analyst Bryan Woodman (Matt Damon) who is a friend of the Persian Gulf Prince Nasir Al-Subaai but suffers owing to this association, a lawyer in Washington Bennett Holiday (Jeffrey Wright) who is investigating the merger of two oil companies and Wasim Khan (Mazhar Munir), a Pakistani immigrant working for an oil company in an Arab country, which later fires him. The acting is top-notch and there is not a trace of bad acting in this movie. Clooney plays a man who has been exhausted by the CIAs war on Middle East terrorism, who on one hand is trying hard to get his son through college, and on the other has the power to order the assassination of the Persian Gulf Price because he chose China over the U. S. in an oil transaction. His acting has a hypnotic quality to it which stays with the viewer even after the final credits are rolled. Matt Damon also gives a brilliant performance who, much to his wifes horror, is perfectly willing to exploit the accidental death of his son in the Princes house for his own benefit. Tim Blake Nelson who plays Danny Dalton, the right-hand man of the executive at one of the oil companies involved in the merger, must also be mentioned for his amazing timing in the scene where he extols the safe and warm qualities of corruption. Syriana falls short of being a great movie, and ranks somewhere above average on the quality scale. The screen play is gripping, the dialogue sharp and the debates all those which gained relevance in the post 9/11 environment and stay so till now. The movie succeeds at telling its viewers how they should stop trying to understand the oil industry, because the real story is so complex it might not even be properly grasped by oil company executives, Arab monarchy, CIA agents or energy brokers anywhere in the world. The screenplay and direction both reflect a certain intelligence and the quality of research is impeccable. There are a number of individual scenes which contain an almost fierce power and energy in them, but they dont thread together the movie as a whole. The problem I faced with Syriana was that while I was spellbound throughout the duration of the movie, the various intermingled storylines confused me and I felt this happen more so because the characters in the movie itself are confused by the events around them and do not know exactly what kind of situations theyre involved in. The confusion of characters might have been written in the script, but in this particular case, it got passed on to the audience as well, which was in most probability, not the intention of the director. Another issue with the multifaceted stories were that some characters and plotlines were more developed and interesting, such as those of Matt Damon and George Clooney, while others, such as Jeffery Wrights could not impress, even with Wrights brilliant potential, simply because he just got about twenty minutes of screentime. Hence, while parts of the movie were good, they did not add up to a rewarding whole. Syriana is similar to Traffic in its aesthetic appeal: it has not been shot in a studio, rather to ensure the believability of the movie, production took place all around the globe to capture the true essence of the stunning landscapes and inimitable societies it would be depicting. The entire movie has been shot using a pair of hand-held cameras, which give the film its unique quasi-documentary feel and helps in providing context for some of the issues discussed in the movie. The movie is worth the two hours spent watching it, however, one ends up feeling that it was too ambitious a project where the execution could not deliver all that it was expected to. Nevertheless, Gaghans effort is commendable and the narrative of the oil industry is definitely eye-opening. His approach of not explaining everything and leaving the viewer to decide the right and wrong of it makes this movie a tough nut: gripping, complex, confusing and yet fascinating till the end.

Communication: Theory, Forms and Parameters

Communication: Theory, Forms and Parameters RINSON MAMMEN THEORIES FORMS AND PARAMETERS OF COMMUNICATION Theories of communication Actor-Network Theory suggests that human and non-human factors are equally influential in the success of technological innovation and scientific knowledge-creation. The theory looks at how networks are formed and how these networks contribute to these successes. It suggests that no one person or thing is solely responsible for these advancements. Therefore, both an actor and a network are responsible for achieving these outcomes. Adaptive Structuration Theory (AST) Groups and organizations create rules and resources which are defined as structures. These structures form social systems which develop a life of their own. The quality of the structure affects decision making, and decisions also affect the structure. Agenda Setting Theory: Agenda Setting Theory states that mass media organizations determine what the general population considers newsworthy by deciding how much attention a news story receives. The term salience transfer is commonly used and refers to the ability of the media to transfer their agendas onto the public. Cognitive Dissonance Theory: Cognitive Dissonance is the psychological conflict that results from holding two contradictory or incompatible beliefs or attitudes. For example, one can like a person, but disapprove of their habits. The theory suggests that a person looks for balance in their beliefs. Therefore, in order to reduce dissonance, one will avoid hearing opposing viewpoints or change their beliefs to match their actions. Communication Accommodation Theory: Communication Accommodation Theory describes when people accommodate or adjust their communication styles to others. These changes in verbal and nonverbal styles are done through two ways: divergence and convergence. Divergence is used to highlight group identity through touting the differences of the group they identify with. Divergence is often used by groups with strong ethnic or racial pride. Convergence is used more often by powerless individuals for social approval and focuses on matching the communication styles of the person with whom they are speaking to. Cultivation Theory: Cultivation Theory argues media shapes a persons sense of reality. Because many acquire information through mediated sources rather than direct experience, their world view becomes influenced by these sources. For example, Cultivation Theory suggests that people who would be defined as heavy television viewers see the world as more violent that it actually is. Face Negotiation Theory: Face Negotiation Theory highlights conflict style differences between collectivist and individualistic cultures. Collectivist cultures place value on the group and therefore adopt a conflict style of avoiding or integrating to give others mutual face. Individualistic cultures place value on the individual and in an attempt to protect self-face, they adopt a dominating conflict style. Hypodermic Needle Theory: The Hypodermic Needle Theory, also known as the ‘magic bullet’ theory, says the media has a powerful and direct effect on audiences by ‘injecting’ them with messages. The Hypodermic Needle Theory no longer carries the respect it once did since its accuracy was found to be questionable. Muted Group Theory: Muted Group Theory states that because language is man-made women remain reduced and excluded. Because words and norms have been created by men, women are disadvantaged in public. As women become less muted and more vocal, the dominant position of males in society will diminish. Social Exchange Theory: Social Exchange Theory posits an ‘economic’ exchange for in interpersonal relationships. Meaning, the relationships is enhanced by satisfying each others self-interest. In this theory, self-interest is not regarded as a bad thing, but rather as a concept that builds the relationship. Social Learning Theory: Social Learning Theory argues that people learn from each other through observing, imitating, and modeling the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others. Social learning theory explains how human behavior can be shaped by continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive, behavioral, an environmental influences. Social Penetration Theory: Social Penetration Theory looks at how superficial relationships evolve to intimate relationships. The theory states it is a gradual evolution due primarily to self-disclosure between parties. But, while this self-disclosure can be effective in creating intimate relationships, it can also leave one or more persons vulnerable. Standpoint Theory: Standpoint Theory claims that each person is seated in a different rank among the social hierarchy. Because of this, each person views the social climate from a different vantage point, which only provides a small look at the social whole. But the theory also claims that those who are lower on the social ladder tend to have a greater understanding of the social whole, rather than those higher up. Symbolic Interactionism Theory: Symbolic Interaction Theory suggests that the concept of self is created by three principles: 1) Meaning: that we act towards and things according to the meanings we apply to them. 2) Language: that we negotiate meaning through symbols. 3) Thought: that thought modifies our interpretations. Symbolic interactionism implies that without communication there would be no self concept. Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB): Theory of Planned Behavior is the same as Theory of Reasoned Action in that it says personal attitudinal judgments and social-normative considerations influence a person’s intentions to perform a behavior, but TPB adds a third element: perceived behavioral control. This element being the perception of how easy or difficult it is to perform the behavior. Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) Theory of Reasoned Action looks at how behaviors can be influenced by influencing a person’s intentions. TRA states that two main factors tell a person whether or not to perform a behavior: 1) personal attitudinal judgments: the evaluation of the action; and, 2) social-normative considerations: what one believes others think they should do. Uncertainty Reduction Theory: Uncertainty Reduction Theory states that when strangers meet, their primary goal is to reduce levels of uncertainty. Uncertainty meaning, being unsure of how to behave (or how the other person will behave), and unsure of what to think of the other person. For example, if they like the person or do not like the person. According to this theory, they will use communication to reduce this uncertainty. Uses and Gratifications Theory: The Uses and Gratifications Theory assumes audiences actively seek out media to satisfy individual needs. With this assumption, the Uses and Gratifications Theory looks to answer three questions: what do people do with the media, what are their underlying motives for using said media, and what are the pros and cons of this individual media use Different Forms of Communication Verbal Communication Verbal communication includes sounds, words, language and speaking. Language is said to have originated from sounds and gestures. There are many languages spoken in the world. The basis of language formation are: gender, class, profession, geographical area, age group and other social elements. Speaking is an effective way of communicating and is again classified into two types viz. interpersonal communication and public speaking. Good verbal communication is an inseparable part of business communication. In a business, you come across people from various ages, cultures and races. Fluent verbal communication is essential, to deal with people in business meetings. Also, in business communication self-confidence plays a vital role which when clubbed with fluent communication skills can lead to success. Public speaking is another verbal communication in which you have to address a group of people. Preparing for an effective speech before you start is important. In public speaking, the speech must be prepared according to the type of audience you are going to face. The content of your speech should be authentic and you must have enough information on the topic you have chosen for public speaking. All the main points in your speech must be highlighted and these points should be delivered in the correct order. There are many public speaking techniques and these techniques must be practiced for an effective speech. Non-Verbal Communication Non-verbal communication involves physical ways of communication, like, tone of the voice, touch, smell and body motion. Creative and aesthetic non-verbal communication includes singing, music, dancing and sculpturing. Symbols and sign language are also included in non-verbal communication. Body language is a non-verbal way of communication. Body posture and physical contact convey a lot of information. Body posture matters a lot when you are communicating verbally to someone. Folded arms and crossed legs are some of the signals conveyed by a body posture. Physical contact, like, shaking hands, pushing, patting and touching expresses the feeling of intimacy. Facial expressions, gestures and eye contact are all different ways of communication. Reading facial expressions can help you know a person better. Written Communication Written communication is writing the words which you want to communicate. Good written communication is essential for business purposes. Written communication is practiced in many different languages. E-mails, reports, articles and memos are some of the ways of using written communication in business. The written communication can be edited and amended many times before it is communicated to the second party to whom the communication is intended. This is one of the main advantages of using writing as the major means of communication in business activity. Written communication is used not only in business but also for informal communication purposes. Mobile SMS is an example of informal written communication. Visual communication The last type of communication is the visual communication. Visual communication is visual display of information, like topography, photography, signs, symbols and designs. Television and video clips are the electronic form of visual communication. Effective communication is essential for the success of any type of business. Informally too, nothing can be achieved without proper communication. Therefore, developing communicative skills is a must. One must understand that all the four types of communication are equally important and one must develop communicative skills in all the mediums. Communicative media is growing day by day to ensure clarity and to eliminate the ambiguity in communication. Different Parameters in communication Many definitions describe communication as a transfer of information, thoughts or ideas to create shared understanding between a sender and a receiver. The information may be written or spoken, professional or social, personal or impersonal to name a few possibilities. Basically, the communication process involves a sender, receiver, message, channel and feedback. However, this simplistic description significantly under-represents what can actually be a very complex process. Click here for a brief overview of the communication process. Essential issues to be aware of in any communication situation are: Content refers to the actual words or symbols of the message that are known as language the spoken and written words combined into phrases that make grammatical sense. Importantly, we all use and interpret the meanings of words differently, so even simple messages can be misunderstood. And many words have different meanings to confuse the issue even more. Process refers to the way the message is delivered the nonverbal elements in speech such as the tone of voice, the look in the sender’s eyes, body language, hand gestures and state of emotions (anger, fear, uncertainty, confidence, etc.) that can be detected. The non-verbals that we use often cause messages to be misunderstood as we tend to believe what we see more than what we hear. Indeed, we often trust the accuracy of nonverbal behaviors more than verbal behaviors. A well-known UCLA study found that only around 7% of the meaning of spoken communication came from words alone, 55% came from facial expression and 38% came from the way the words were said. Context refers to the situation or environment in which your message is delivered. Important contextual factors that can subtly influence the effectiveness of a message include the physical environment (eg. a patient’s bedside, ward office, quiet room etc.), cultural factors (e.g. international cultures, organizational cultures and so on) and developmental factors (e.g. first, second or third year student, experience in similar clinical settings, stage of the practicum etc.). The goal of communication between a sender and a receiver is understanding of the message being sent. Anything that interferes with this can be referred to as ‘noise’. Communication noise can influence our interpretation of messages and significantly affect our perception of interactions with others. Many definitions describe communication as a transfer of information, thoughts or ideas to create shared understanding between a sender and a receiver. The information may be written or spoken, professional or social, personal or impersonal to name a few possibilities. Basically, the communication process involves a sender, receiver, message, channel and feedback. However, this simplistic description significantly under-represents what can actually be a very complex process. Click here for a brief overview of the communication process. Essential issues to be aware of in any communication situation are: Content refers to the actual words or symbols of the message that are known as language the spoken and written words combined into phrases that make grammatical sense. Importantly, we all use and interpret the meanings of words differently, so even simple messages can be misunderstood. And many words have different meanings to confuse the issue even more. Process refers to the way the message is delivered the nonverbal elements in speech such as the tone of voice, the look in the sender’s eyes, body language, hand gestures and state of emotions (anger, fear, uncertainty, confidence, etc.) that can be detected. The non-verbals that we use often cause messages to be misunderstood as we tend to believe what we see more than what we hear. Indeed, we often trust the accuracy of nonverbal behaviors more than verbal behaviors. A well-known UCLA study found that only around 7% of the meaning of spoken communication came from words alone, 55% came from facial expression and 38% came from the way the words were said. Context refers to the situation or environment in which your message is delivered. Important contextual factors that can subtly influence the effectiveness of a message include the physical environment (eg. a patient’s bedside, ward office, quiet room etc.), cultural factors (eg. international cultures, organisational cultures and so on) and developmental factors (eg. first, second or third year student, experience in similar clinical settings, stage of the practicum etc.). The goal of communication between a sender and a receiver is understanding of the message being sent. Anything that interferes with this can be referred to as ‘noise’. Communication noise can influence our interpretation of messages and significantly affect our perception of interactions with others Basic parameters of the communication system. a) Bandwidth b) Transmit Power c) Signal to Noise Ratio a) Bandwidth Bandwidth is defined as the range of frequencies required to represent original signal in time domain. This is the simplest definition of bandwidth. As being engineer well use more technical definition of bandwidth which is :- A ring of frequencies that falls in the amplitude of first and last by 3dB and 70% of energy left. Some important points relating bandwidth are:- i) Rate of Transmission of data is directly proportional to bandwidth i.e wider the bandwidth more data will flow . ii) With wider bandwidth, there are less collisions and errors are minimum. iii) The bandwidth is chosen after detailed analysis which is enough for data to be transmitted.This precaution is taken to avoid addition of noise since with the wider bandwidth thermal noise increases. Hence thermal noise is directly proportional to bandwidth. b) Transmit Power As the name suggests that it is the power required for transmission. Transmission power plays an important role due to its duality. The increase in transmission power reduces the noise. Secondly information is transmitted more accurately and precisely. Usually binary (0,1) level transmission is done just to save transmission power. For example if we are going to transmit 4 bits of information within 2 levels, 2 bits will be transmitted in one pulse width hence bandwidth will be two pulses. Suppose we transmit this in 4 levels , one pulse having one bit then transmit power will increase very fast which makes it more expensive system. Just to save transmission power and simplicity we use binary level at the expense of bandwidth. c) Signal to Noise Ratio : The performance of the system is defined by signal power to noise power ratio. Let So is the signal output power and No is the noise output power then So/No, is known as signal to noise ratio.The greater the signal power less the noise power affects and systems performance is better and vice versa.

Conflict Resolution Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursework Essays

Conflict Resolution Conflict in the work place is inevitable. People will argue, disagree, or treat another badly for many reasons. Racial prejudice, sexual prejudice, religious prejudice, or simply not liking someone can and will cause conflict. Conflict resolution can be handled in a one-on-one manner (the boss talking to employees) or can be handled through mediation or negotiation. The one-on-one method will work in a small business setting where there is employee conflict or business conflict. In a larger corporate setting mediation or negotiation is often used to settle conflicts. Union negotiations are a good example of this. Listed below are some methods that may be used for conflict resolution. Many of these can be used in a one-on-one setting or in a larger setting where mediation is being used to settle a conflict. 1. Separate the people from the problem. One specific technique that can work is to change the shape of the table rather than sitting opposite your 'opponents', arrange the seating so that all the parties are sitting together facing a flip chart or blackboard where the problem is presented. That makes it clear that all the participants are facing the problem together, that instead of it being 'us' against 'them', it is a case of 'all of us' against 'it'. 2. Distinguish between interests and positions. When preparing for a negotiation, or after it has begun, don't just ask "What do they want?" It is also important to ask, "Why do they want it?" It is equally important - and often more difficult - to ask the same questions about your own views. Many successful negotiators find they will be more successful if they focus on understanding their interests as they enter discussions. If they haven't started out with a perfect package, the ideas of others may actually improve their final result. Negotiators who arrive with a complete package can create real problems. Modifications to their ideas might be taken personally, they may be stubborn, and reaching a satisfactory resolution is made more difficult. 3. Consider your BATNA (Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement). If you do not reach an agreement with the other, does that really make things worse for you? When you're selling an antique Rolls Royce and have received an offer of $43,250, you know what another potential buyer has to do to get you... ...e gains achieved by the other side may prove to be short-term indeed. 6. Only one person can get angry at a time. This is yet another means to help individuals keep a cool head and pay attention to the process and the strategy, as well as the substance of the negotiation. If it's not your 'turn' to be angry, the exercise of restraint can be turned into a positive opportunity to observe what is going on with a clear eye. No less important, yelling at each other is not negotiation; it is confrontation. In those situations there may possibly be a 'winner'; but it is even more likely there will be a 'loser'. In times past, when two property owners had a disagreement, they would hire knights and wage war to reach a conclusion. Then somebody invented lawyers, and the problem-solving process became one of waging law. Our society has reached a level of sophistication in which we recognize that the costs of waging war - or waging law - are terribly high. With the use of good negotiation skills, we have the capacity to reach conclusions in a more satisfactory manner: we can wage PEACE (Cohen). Bibliography: Cohen, Steven P., Mediate.com, www.mediate.com/articles/tnsc.cfm

Mixing Music :: essays research papers

Most good mixers these days can start there mix process at any desired point because of their years of experience and their relationship to their monitors. When starting out as a mixer you do not have this experience and need to start at a reference point that will produce desired results for your mix. I have designed this mixing segment for those with little experience or are new to the mixing process. Before starting a mix you need to have a vision of how you want your mix to sound. Refer to Cds that examples of what you are trying to achieve, for creative and tactical purposes this will give you guidance on where you would like to take your mix sonically and musically. NEAR FIELD MONITORS Good near field monitors play an essential in consistent reference. The monitors should be capable of reproducing frequencies from 60hz to 17Khz and be able to handle high SPL, and set up in a triangular fashion 3-4feet apart. Make sure the monitors are not too close to the plane of the console so to minimize high frequency reflections that will corrupt proper imaging. If your using monitors that are not true in frequency response equalize the monitors in the monitor stage (post fade) to allow for discrepancies. This will alleviate you from incorrectly Eqing your mix to compensate for inaccurate monitors. Also the distance from your ears to the monitors should be set up so the room acoustics to not play a significant role in the sound of your mix. For example, the monitors are too far away and the room is reflective your mix will sound too dry. OUTBOARD GEAR I like to start off my mixing sessions with at least three different reverbs, three ddl's a stereo chorus effect and two extra stereo effects processors with many assorted stereo effects like phasing, flanging, etc.

Kurds - A People Without a State Essay -- Culture Kurds History Essays

Kurds - A People Without a State Introduction Of all the ethnic groups in the world, the Kurds are one of the largest that has no state to call their own. According to historian William Westermann, "The Kurds can present a better claim to race purity...than any people which now inhabits Europe." (Bonner, p. 63, 1992) Over the past hundred years, the desire for an independent Kurdish state has created conflicts mainly with the Turkish and Iraqi populations in the areas where most of the Kurds live. This conflict has important geographical implications as well. The history of the Kurdish nation, the causes for these conflicts, and an analysis of the situation will be discussed in this paper. History of the Kurds The Kurds are a Sunni Muslim people living primarily in Turkey, Iraq, and Iran. The 25 million Kurds have a distinct culture that is not at all like their Turkish, Persian, and Arabic neighbors (Hitchens, p. 36, 1992). It is this cultural difference between the groups that automatically creates the potential for conflict. Of the 25 million Kurds, approximately 10 million live in Turkey, four million in Iraq, five million in Iran, and a million in Syria, with the rest scattered throughout the rest of the world (Bonner, p. 46, 1992). The Kurds also have had a long history of conflict with these other ethnic groups in the Middle East, which we will now look at. The history of Kurds in the area actually began during ancient times. However, the desire for a Kurdish homeland did not begin until the early 1900’s, around the time of World War I. In his Fourteen Points, President Woodrow Wilson promised the Kurds a sovereign state (Hitchens, p. 54, 1992). The formation of a Kurdish state was supposed to have been accomplished through the Treaty of Sevres in 1920 which said that the Kurds could have an independent state if they wanted one (Bonner, p. 46, 1992). With the formation of Turkey in 1923, Kemal Ataturk, the new Turkish President, threw out the treaty and denied the Kurds their own state. This was the beginning of the Turkish-Kurdish conflict. At about this same time, the Kurds attempted to establish a semi-independent state, and actually succeeded in forming the Kingdom of Kurdistan, which lasted from 1922-1924; later, in 1946, some of the Kurds established the Mahabad Republic... ... seem very willing to give up their territory to the Kurds. The plan of the PUK has a small chance to work, assuming that guerrilla tactics would scare the Iraqi government. By simply holding out, the Kurds would gain nothing, because the Iraqis are not threatened by the Kurds per se. However, by attacking the Iraqis, the Kurds run the risk of a counterattack which they probably could not effectively deal with. Basically, that would make the situation for the Kurds even worse than before. Conclusion Without the support of a large powerful nation such as the U.S., the Kurds will probably never establish an independent Kurdish state. The Kurds do not have enough military power to fight off the Turks and Iraqis without help. The Iraqis and Turks would not be willing to give up their economically important territory to people which they perceive a "threat" to their way of life and will most likely continue to fight the Kurds. The Kurds have no choice but to continue fighting until either they or the Turks and Iraqis are defeated, as both groups are unwilling to allow them to remain in their countries. The future definitely looks bleak for the Kurds.

Balancing Ecosystems Essay

I am writing to ask the City Council of Glimmerville to join Sparkeville’s effects to restore balance back to our aquatic ecosystem. The City Council of Sparkeville is asking that Glimmerville support an plan (which will be outline later in this letter) that will deal with the over population of the â€Å"Grass Carp† that has invaded our water ways. As the City Council of Glimmerville is well aware our ecosystem has been unbalance for a while due to the invasion of the â€Å"grass carp fish† that was introduced in our aquatic ecosystem to handle and balance our the biotic (living) and the abiotic (non-living) parts of the ecosystem back to an equilibrium state. While the â€Å"Grass Carp† was intended to help control the overpopulating growth of the aquatic plants, not only did the â€Å"Grass Carp† do just that but once the overgrowth of the plants was taken care of the fish began to clean our  entire lakes of all aquatic plants, once all plant life was gone they moved on to consume the water ways detritus alone with animal matter. In accordance to a report from the Environment and Energy (E&E) Committee, the â€Å"Grass Carp† has been linked to the increase in pollution and the reduction of oxygen due to the feeding method and behavior and the removal of the prominent plants that once dominated our water ways. The elimination of these plants is the direct cause for the other fish which depend on the aquatic vegetation as part of the cycle of life to vanish from our water ways. What I propose are a couple of options that I strongly believe will help rid our water ways with the over populated â€Å"grass carp† and to keep our environment well balanced. Option 1- To reintroduce the water way natural fish back into the lakes and pond; next promote a campaign asking for farmers to reduce the current amount of fertilizers to slow down the growth on aqua vegetation, and lastly hold a ‘Grass Carp† fishing tournament offering various forms of incentives for participants, once the issue has been reduced to screen off all inlets and outlets to the water ways. Option 2- To eradicate huge numbers of â€Å"Grass Carp† with nominal cost and effort, we should take advantage of the Grass Carp fondness to assemble together each Spring in huge numbers in comparatively warm water ways preceding to and during their regenerating period. During the peak of â€Å"Grass Carp† regenerating period, we can position a extended seine netting that with go completely over all the crossways of the openings of the three water ways to put a stop to the â€Å"Grass Carp† from getting into the water ways. After the rivers and streams are cleared of the â€Å"Grass Carp†, we can put up boundary markers across two of crossway opening to avoid the â€Å"Grass Carp† from re-entering, and keep an eye on (monitor) the bottom food organisms, the clarity of the water and underwater aquatic plant above and beneath the boundary markers. Option-3 Because the â€Å"Grass Carp† will not feed in areas where there is a lot of human activities, we can hold boat races or swimming contest , only will  not avoid the fish from returning once that actives end. With the benefits being so great and causing no harm to any of our existing businesses, it makes good sense to join and support our effect to resolve the problem of the â€Å"Grass Carp† fish. I look forward to hear from you soon, that we can put forth and joint effect to resolving this problem. Reference: Bonar, S. A., Vecht, S., Bennett, C., Pauley, G., & Thomas, G. (1993). Capture of Grass Carp from Vegetated Lakes. Retrieved August 10, 2014, from http://www.apms.org/japm/vol31/v31p168.pdf Conover, G., R. Simmonds, andM. Whalen, editors. Management and control plan for bighead,black, grass, and silver carps in the United States. Asian Carp Working Group, Aquatic NuisanceSpeciesTask Force, Washington, D.C.223 pp. Mississippi River Basin Panel (MRBP) onAquaticNuisance Species. AsianCarp Brochure.Bettendorf, Iowa. 2pp. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS). Asian Carp– Aquatic Invasive Species; Issues, Program Accomplishments, and Programneeds. Ft. Snelling, Minnesota. 4 pp

Developmentally Appropriated Practice For Preschoolers Education Essay

Nowadays more and more parents are looking for appropriate attention for their kids. DAP gives an chance realize all wants and outlook of parents. Developmentally Appropriate Practice ( DAP ) is a attention that takes into history each kid ‘s degree of physical, social-emotional, linguistic communication, rational, and adaptative development. Children provided with the chance to prosecute in DAP are better set up for success in school and society. The subject of DAP is discussed in the book â€Å" Developmentally Appropriate Practice: Course of study and Development in Early Education † , by Carol Gestwicki. The book explains what DAP is and touches such subjects as developmentally appropriate physical, societal, emotional, cognitive and linguistic communication environments. The methodic and plan of DAP differ for every age group ( Infants, Toddlers, Preschoolers, Primary-Aged Children ) . The preschool age kids develop larning activities that include linguistic communication, motor physical activity and motions. Such activities normally include mystifiers and blocks, wheel playthings and climbers, dramatic drama moving and narrative relation. Preschoolers enjoy different experiences and activities such as cutting paper and fabric some cookery and other art activities. Children of this age already can acknowledge forms, colourss ; they can even utilize simple math and problem-solving accomplishments. At this age kids combine thoughts, their memory is turning and their motor accomplishments are bettering. Children show a large involvement in the written linguistic communication. Kids besides develop an involvement in the universe around them, are fond of particular events and trips. Adults should listen to kids, promote originative drama, fall in them in activities, aid to construct self-esteem, and set consistent bounds. Preschoolers need grownups to promote and back up their originative drama, articulation in their activities, assist them to understand societal norms, and set consistent bounds with them. Three and four-year-old kids should be given ample chances to derive experience with linguistic communication, big motor physical activities, motion, and all right motor activities. Adults who work with kindergartners should hold warm, fostering personality with appropriate behaviour, willing to larn, be dependable, to understand the emerging demand for the kindergartner to set up friendly relationships and have. Adult should accept different attention giving methods and techniques, besides read, talk and listen to the kid. Developmentally appropriate patterns include social/emotional, cognitive, physical and linguistic communication development. Social and emotional development of kindergartners. It is really of import for kindergartners to develop their accomplishments in societal and emotional domains which are keys to their success in life, every bit good as, school. The surveies of scientists explain how necessary societal and emotional preparedness is to a kindergarten activities, success in school, and their ulterior grownup achievements. There are three cardinal ends for societal and emotional development. The first is the Sense of Self. It deals with a fact of how childs feel valued and accepted by the people whom they love. The 2nd is the Responsibility for Self and Others. It deals with developing wonts and character qualities such as duty, and independency, autonomy of a kid, and following regulations and modus operandis. The 3rd key is the Prosocial Behavior, which works with qualities such as empathy and sharing that that will assist kids to collaborate in the universe. Cognitive development of kindergartners is the procedure of larning how to believe and happen a ground. Such accomplishments are connected with literacy and mathematics. Such domains as scientific discipline and societal surveies, are besides includes the same as the humanistic disciplines, and engineering. Such development is non merely memorising facts. Preschool kids are â€Å" larning to larn. † Such accomplishment is of import for future acquisition. The three ends are: acquisition and job resolution, logical thought, representation and symbolic thought activity. Learning and Problem Solving teaches small kids how they should information, resources, and stuffs they have. Kids learn how to believe about their thoughts, how to do anticipations, and besides how to prove possible solutions. The qualities such as wonder, continuity, and using cognition, make larning more of import than merely larning new facts about the universe. Logical Thinking helps kindergartners to understand the information they are garnering. Children attempt to compare and contrast things, to screen and sort. Besides kids learn to number, step and so on. Representation and Symbolic Thinking aid kids to concentrate on how they use symbols in idea. Symbols can be objects, people or representations through drawings. Symbolic believing besides includes. Physical accomplishments are besides really of import for the bettering accomplishments in reading, composing, scientific discipline, and math. Physical development affects societal and emotional development because childs gain assurance while they learn what their organic structures can make. The more childs can make, the more their want to seek new and more hard undertakings appear. The two ends for motor accomplishments are: gross motor and all right motor. Gross motor development involves the motions that are controlled by the organic structure ‘s big musculuss while all right motor development wage attending to commanding, coordination, and sleight of the little musculuss in the kids ‘s custodies. Environment for activities should be clean and safe ; the plaything and stuffs should be displayed on unfastened, low shelves. There should be countries for the undermentioned types of acquisition centres or infinite for kids to play with the following types of stuffs: dramatic drama, blocks, art: colouring, picture, pulling, pasting, etc. The country should include sand and H2O district for playing games. Working stuffs should include books. Activities should include music and motions, while the manipulatives would be mystifiers, nogs, little building points scientific discipline. There besides need to be included some sort of big motor country for throwing, siting, mounting, jumping, running ; are for separate cot/mat for single sleeping ; some private, getaway infinites. All countries ought to be soft. The stuffs that are normally used in DAP with kindergartners are siting playthings, balls/bean bags to throw, mounting equipment, books, blocks ( different forms, textures, weights, colourss, sizes plus vehicles, animate beings ) . Such dramatic drama stuffs as vesture, theme points ( house, physician ‘s office, food market shop, etc. ) are besides used. Teachers and parents should utilize art supplies: assorted sorts of pigments, crayons, markers, chalk, assorted sorts of paper, drama dough, gum, paste, scissors, etc. while the composing supplies should include: pens, pencils, paper, stapling machine, paper cartridge holders, envelopes, following letters and Numberss, etc. Language development plays a great function in development of kindergartners because a foundation in linguistic communication development gives childs accomplishments needed to go successful scholars. The researches show that kids who have large linguistic communication experiences in preschool are more volitionally to do stronger their linguistic communication and literacy accomplishments. The ability of kids to listen, compose, read and talk is developed interdependently. The ends for linguistic communication development are: hearing, speech production, reading and composing. Listening and Talking involves spoken linguistic communication. Such accomplishments as holding a big vocabulary and ability to show oneself are of import for kids. Reading and Writing involves the aid of grownups to do sense of written linguistic communication for kids as they enjoy reading. Such development additions kid ‘s ability to manage books and understand the intent of book and how it works, it besides teaches how to recite a narrative. Preschoolers learn the alphabet and words while playing games. Developmentally appropriate pattern for kids should be alone for every kid, because all kids are different and have different abilities. Parents should cognize that the acquisition and development of their kids depends on heed to all facets of a kid ‘s wellbeing. Attention should be paid to physical, societal, emotional and cognitive dimensions of kid development.

Art and Society Essay

All art – whether it be visual, music, literature, film, etc. – is affected by the specific cultural climate in which it is produced (time, place, social conventions, etc.) and is often created in reaction to â€Å"movements† or styles that came before it. How important is it to know these sorts of historical details to appreciate a work of art?  To know the historical details of a work of art is essential because without it you would never be able to aprreciate the work the same way. To be able to understand it better one has to know at what point in time was it made so when you see a painting of a steamboat knowing that the painting was made just after it was invented would give you a much different understanding than if it was made yestaerday. To whole different emotional responsed would be made. This is the same for the place (culture) social conventions, etc. What is ‘Good’ Art?  8. As you wander through the contemporary galleries on the first or second floor, select a work of art that leaves you puzzled at best. Write down the title and the artist. Research the piece at the library or on the internet, or speak to an art expert to understand the artist and the intended message.  (a) Does this new information change your appreciation for the piece? Explain by referring specifically to the artist’s intention and the specific work. I chose â€Å"The Bremen town musicians† by Gim Hong-Sok South Korea. After searching in the internet I found out that the sculpture of the Donkey, Dog, Cat and a Rooster, is actually based on a story by the Brothers Grimm with the same title, I had no idea what the sculpture meant at that time because there is no description except a â€Å"fictional one† which states that the furry animal costumes are a family of Mexican illegal aliens and that they are paid 8 dolars a day for posing as said sculpture. I think that Gim just wanted to add some humor to art and to the viewer, as many works of art are deeply sentimental and emotional, which I found very satisfiying. In your contemporary gallery wanderings, choose two pieces of work you consider to be ‘good’ and two you consider bad art.  (b) Identify the pieces and state the criteria you consider to be important in making ‘good’ contemporary art[PH1].  Ã‚  Good Art  Why?  Impenetrable-Mona  I think its very good art because it’s a very innovative piece of work, it is just long lines of steel tubes in the form of a cube but the spaces are so tightly together and with small spikes which make the piece impenetrable just like its named. It also looks modern and neat as it appears to be floating in the air and can be appreciated in 360. Bad Art  Why?  Jean Paul Riopelle-Untitled  I think this is bad art because, there is no pattern at all its just random splashing of colours, and the piece of work doesn’t even have a title, which makes me think as a receiver that Riopelle was just too lazy to come up with a decent name because there was no feeling input into it.  (c) If the artworks you were looking at weren’t part of a national collection and within a purpose-built gallery designed by an internationally recognized architect would you still view them the same way? Who do you think makes the decisions of what appears in National Gallery exhibits? Does their expertise and background matter in your experience of the works? If the pieces I saw were not a part of the national collection, I wouldn’t view the same way because they wouldn’t have the same artisitic value. If a piece of art is recognized by the world and known artists and collections, it gives the works of art much more significance. This doesn’t mean everything that they consider art is something I will also consider art just because its in the gallery.  (d) Do you have the same reactions to the works online as you did viewing them in person? What’s missing? Is this important in viewing art? Can we have the same understanding of something filtered through a â€Å"virtual experience† as exposed to actually experience it in person? Interestingly, one exhibit in the galleries is two computers linking to the website atworkandplay.ca  No I don’t have the same reaction because the quality and the size you can appreciate the works of art is totally different in real life, art is not just viewing but also EXPERIENCING and if you just view it online you are missing the experience of actually being there.

Data Commentary on Obesity Essay

Introduction After reading and evaluating six articles written by experts on obesity, the data seems to imply that better educating people about how their behavioral lifestyle choices effect their future and current health is the best solution. The six journal articles evaluated and analyzed include: David Freedman’s article, â€Å"How to Fix the Obesity Epidemic,† published in Scientific American in 2011. Green Gregory’s article, â€Å"Physical Activity and Childhood Obesity: Strategies and Solutions for Schools and Parents,† published in Education in 2012. Micheal Wietings article, â€Å"Cause and Effect of Childhood Obestiy: Solutions for a National Epidemic,† published in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association in 2008. George Blackburn’s article, â€Å" Science Based Solutions to Obesity: What are the Roles of Academia, Government, Industry, and Healthcare,† published in 2005 in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. As well a s, â€Å"Obesity Solutions: Report of a meeting,† published in Nutrition Reviews in 1997. Kate Dailey’s article â€Å" Can Laws fix the Obesity Crisis,† published in Newsweek in 2010 Evaluation In his article, â€Å"How to Fix the Obesity Crisis† David Freedman explores topics such as how the US has blindly gone down the path of obesity, what researchers are doing currently to fix the problem, and how these solutions will pan out over future generations. Obese people cost the government millions in medical bills each year while the problem has not hindered. One problem with the research is that many findings challenge one another, which leads to contradicting solutions. Freedman focuses on weight loss programs, such as weight watchers, which have proved successful over recent years. As well as how they have been able to attain success. These programs have shed positive light on the issue, unfortunately there is no way to know if they can maintain success over time and larger populations. David Freedman is a senior editor at Forbes ASAP, and has appeared in many respected journals, such as The Harvard Business Review. The information and statistics stated in his paper are backed by research scientists from respected schools, such as John Hopkins University of School and Medicine, as well as the Kennedy Krieger Institute. Freedman also cites journals such as the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. He begins his arguments by stating facts or statistics from these credible sources, then explains how and why they are relevant, creating a non-biased argument on the issue. The article was written in 2011 and cites statistics as recent as 2010 making all information relevant to the issue as it stands presently. Some experts believe that it is partly the government’s responsibility to fix the problems associated with obesity. Kate Dailey explores this issue in her article, â€Å"Can Laws Fix the Obesity Crisis?† Movements in larger cities such as San Francisco put bans on restaurants, such as McDonalds for advertising high caloric food without also advertising the nutritional facts. These efforts are often shot down early by government officials because of the financial impact they have on corporations. Even when government funds obesity fixes their efforts are too often based on a â€Å"best guess† basis because results of an action are difficult to quantify. Kate Dailey utilizes actual actions governments have taken against obesity in American cities and explains the results that stem from these actions. Newspapers such as the LA Times and San Fransisco Chronicle are primary accounts finding first-hand how these experiments have faired upon implementation. Kate is a senior articles editor at Newsweek, and she reviews hundreds of articles on a broad variety of issues each week. In her article she states both positive and negative impacts of the government taking a stand on obesity, allowing readers to make their own conclusions on the issue. Adult obesity is often preceded by childhood obesity, Gregory Green explores this issue in his article â€Å"Physical Activity and Childhood Obesity : Strategies and Solutions for Schools and Parents.† The youth of today spend more time on passive sedentary activities than they do any others. This  leaves youth not only inactive but also exposed to the ruthless world of advertising by food conglomerates. Obesity does not merely hinder youth physically but mentally as well; once youth see themselves a certain way it is difficult to dissuade their thinking. Parents and schools can play a major role in assisting children by educating them and giving only healthy options when eating. Gregory Green is a Professor at Fort State Valley University where he teaches Health and Physical Education department on top of being the university’s Faculty Athletics Representative . Green consistently cites the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in his article, the leading center for all things disease related, as well as a plethora of articles written by his peers. Green utilizes facts to support claims throughout the paper, which allows him to leave personal opinion and bias out of context. Michael Wieting also explores causes to childhood obesity, and how it links to a lifetime of obesity. Obesity is a caused by â€Å"attacks† on multiple fronts, such as lack of education, genetic factors, and negative advertising by the food industry. Societal factors play large roles against obese children. In urban neighborhoods there is often a lack of open area for activity. Urban areas also lack supermarkets where the healthy food is located. Only in realizing the many causes of obesity is it possible to brainstorm solutions. Advocacy and regulation can play a large role in prevention of the problem while physicians consistently research medical solutions for the obese community. Michael Wieting is a professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at Lincoln Memorial University where he is also the Dean of Clinical Medicine. Like Green, Wieting cites the Center for Disease Control and Prevention often throughout his paper. Wieting acknowledges different causes and solutions in his paper, and pulls information from many different scholarly papers written by his peers. His paper avoids bias by explaining multiple viewpoints on the issue, which allows the reader to interpret and make conclusions without any sway from the author. The article was written in 2008 and cites sources from the same year, making the statistics relevant  relevant and current information. George Blackburn reminds readers about the science behind the epidemic of obesity in his article, â€Å"Science Based Solutions to Obesity: What are the Roles of Academia, Government, Industry, and Healthcare.† Scientists are constantly researching reasons behind why some people are obese as well as possible scientific solutions that go beyond the everyday â€Å"go to the gym† solution. As obesity kills more and more people each year, medical institutions are making a point to study the biochemistry behind the issue. Blackburn is an expert in the field of healthcare and nutrition, he currently works as the Associate Director of the Division of Nutrition at Harvard University. Blackburn is on the cutting edge of healthcare information concerning nutrition, which is pertinent to the matter of obesity and fixing the effects obesity has had on the country. The article was written in 2005, however, none of the information in the article has been disproved since the time of publication, which means it is all pertinent to the issue. Blackburn also leaves personal opinion out of the discussion by stating proven facts and explaining why the facts are detrimental to our well-being. In 1997 a workshop entitled â€Å"Obesity Solutions† was held at St. Lukes-Roosevelt Hospital in New York City in order to address the problem of obesity spreading across America. Scientists had begun finding reasons for obesity which went beyond merely overeating and lack of exercise. Genes in the body and proteins encoded by those genes were found to be one of the many causes for obesity. While nutritional food intake and exercise could greatly impact obesity those new discoveries can yield freedoms to obese people they had never before experienced. This report was groundbreaking and paved the way for millions of dollars in obesity research over the decade that followed. Twelve medical professionals had input in the â€Å"obesity solutions† workshop, all of which were qualified by respected institutions to be part of the research. Although the research is almost fifteen years old it has been the  starting pad for larger discoveries and remains as relevant as it was when it was first discovered. Science remains immune to personal bias because results are not interpreted, they are stated. The scientists thoughts and opinions on the topic are absent, therefore having no impact on the paper. Synthesis The scientific and nutritional community agree that obesity needs to be put to an end as soon as possible for the benefit of all. Experts do not always agree as to the best possible solutions to the problem. They argue that certain solutions can bring about better results than others. Obesity may be solved through government lobbying and intervention, through medical intervention utilizing pharmaceutical drugs or surgery, or behavior modification of obese through healthy eating and exercise.. The government plays a huge role in American citizens’ lives even if most people do not notice or realize. The government regulates what we see on television, what the food industry can and can not do, as well as the curriculum American children are taught in school every single day. The government should be taking steps to end the biggest killer in America: obesity. Blackburn argues, â€Å"the need to update and refine school curricula as a key objective in the fight against obesity.† (Blackburn) This is pertinent to success in defeating obesity because there is an unacceptable health illiteracy in America currently. Kids are not taught how to eat healthy until they take health class in tenth grade in most school districts today. Not only are they kept in the dark when it comes to nutritional information, they are not given the opportunity to combat obesity through physical activity. Wieting cites the CDC, â€Å"participation in physical education has declined 30% in the past decade.† (Wieting) This is a direct result of government interference in Wietings opinion due to â€Å"state and federal pressure to improve performance on proficiency tests by reducing-or eliminating-time for recess and physical education classes.† (Wieting) This proves that governments are more worried about bringing tax dollars home than maintaining a healthy lifestyle within the community it serves. Some argue that the government is taking measures to â€Å"combat obesity† when  in reality they have no effect on the problem. Communities are different all over the country, and â€Å"it’s difficult to evaluate the success rates or determine whether what works in one place will play well in another.† (Dailey) In other words, this means it is difficult to implement the same plans in places where climate psychographics are drastically different. In order to succeed, experimentation will have to take place around the country and implementation of different solutions must occur in order to find out what the most successful approach is. The scientific community can gives a helping hand not only in research of the obesity cause, but also scientific solutions. Scientists are able to discover which types of nutrients are able to help the body shed fat. In 1997 at the â€Å"obesity meeting† in New York it was discovered that, â€Å"high protein diets provide the best short term results, however long term effects are similar, if not the same than most diets.† (Albu) This is important for those just beginning to diet, proving that encouraging beginnings to weight loss positively correlates to successful behavior modification. Scientists have discovered differences in the genotypes of healthy people compared to those of obese people. Genes code for different types of proteins in the body, which have specific jobs to do in maintaining health. the protein Leptin is meant to control the body’s food intake, to tell the body it is full when it has had enough to eat. The New York meeting discovered that â€Å"circulating leptin is reduced in obese subjects during times of hypocaloric intake.† (Albu) Obese people do not stop eating because their brains fail to receive the message that they are full; instead they continue to eat an unhealthy amount of food. Behavior modification and lifestyle changes continue to be the front runner as a cure to the epidemic. â€Å"Programs based on behavioral principles are more likely to help people take and keep off weight than other approaches.† (Freedman) This is the conclusion of a study that was funded by weight watchers, completed by an unbiased third party. The conclusions find that changes in lifestyle by consistently tracking calorie intake, keeping an exercise journal, and recording weight values weekly. are frontrunners the  cure for obesity. Weight loss does not happen quickly, but rather at a snails pace and long term change is critical. Today children are brought up into obese lifestyles which they have no control over. Often times obese children know nothing about healthy meal choices or the positive impact of exercise. â€Å"Today’s children spend hours participating in sedentary activities, and eat more fast food and vending machine food than older generations have in the past.† (Green) Green argues that the lifestyle that Generation Y is being raised in and the social norms that they have been taught are acceptable encourage obese behavior. Commentary It is clear that obesity is caused by a multitude of problems ranging from medical conditions which people have no control over, to lifestyle choices which obese people are encouraged to act proactively about. Continued scientific research allows the community to better understand what causes obesity in certain cases. Research may also lead to an end all be all solution to obesity that could save the lives of millions. It is also clear that taking an active part in changing lifestyle can dramatically improve the future wellbeing of the country. Actively teaching people about the negative impacts their choices have on their own lives could save many misinformed, uneducated people. The data seems to imply that better educating people about how their behavioral lifestyle choices effect their future and current health is the best solution. An education system that stresses healthy living through better eating habits as well as an emphasis on physical education could help to fix the behavioral problems seen in many obese victims. Work Cited Albu, J., Allison, D., Boozer, C. N., Heymsfield, S., Kissileff, H., Kretser, A., Krumhar, K., Leibel, R., Nonas, C., Pi-Sunyer, X., Vanltallie, T. and Wedral, E. (1997), Obesity Solutions: Report of a Meeting. Nutrition Reviews, 55: 150–156. Web. 2 Mar. 2014 Blackburn, George L., and Allan Walker. â€Å"Science-based Solutions to Obesity: What Are the Roles of Academia, Government, Industry, and Health Care?† The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 82.1 (2005): 2075-105. Web. 2 Mar. 2014. Dailey, Kate. â€Å"Can Laws Fix The Obesity Crisis?† Newsweek.com 16 Nov. 2010. Academic OneFile. Web. 2 Mar. 2014. Freedman, David H. â€Å"How To Fix The Obesity Crisis.† Scientific American 304.2 (2011): 40-47. Military and Government Collection. Web. 2 Mar. 2014 Green, Gregory, Brenda Hargrove, and Clarence Riley. â€Å"Physical activity and childhood obesity: strategies and solutions for schools and parents.† Education 132.4 (2012): 915+. Academic OneFile. Web. 2 Mar. 2014 Wieting, Micheal J. â€Å"Cause and Effect of Childhood Obesity: Solutions for a National Epidemic.† The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 108.10 (2008): 545-52. Web. 2 Mar. 2014.