Report about Cedar Breaks Park Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Report about Cedar Breaks Park - Term Paper Example It feels as which you are contacting the sky as this park is 10,000 feet over a bluff edge with a fantastic perspective on backwoods, knolls, deserts and rough towers. This stunning view was totally a reward for me as I had never observed such an astounding, all around kept park which was an astonishing wellspring of entertainment for us all. Cedar Breaks Park got the name ‘Cedar’ due to plenitude of cedar in the timberlands encompassing this entrancing land parcel. This park is open the entire year and we visited during a similar pinnacle timings in the middle of 6am-10pm. essentially, this park is worked by the effective US Army Corps and they are amazingly playing out their obligations and keeping up the recreation center well. History: This paradise on earth-Cedar Breaks Park couldn't have been built if this excellent spot could have been pronounced as National Monument by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on August twelfth, 1992. Individuals have been really visiting this spot 9000 years prior and these were called as the main guests of Cedar Break who resulted in these present circumstances place for some things and exercises (Laine and Laine 521). After the formation of Cedar Break Lodges, Cedar Break Park Company lodges were likewise built. Park visit transports used to stop for meals at these hotels seating around 120 individuals one after another. Along these lines, individuals began to visit this spot and became more acquainted with about this stunning spot. As now, Cedar Break was in sight of numerous individuals, numerous gatherings of individuals began to using this lovely grand magnificence into some valuable task. After Franklin’s Deceleration, this spot was presently fit to be considered as national landmark. When this was done, building Cedar Break Park blurred in the psyches of numerous individuals and with time, these musings became reality which now we can plainly find before us. Cedar Break’s Climate, creatures and plants-production it a remarkable spot! Cedar Break Park is one of those spots which don't offer an incredible opportunity to unwind in the lavish green glades, amusement because of various fun exercises yet additionally the creature and feathered creature sweethearts can make some extraordinary memories as this park can likewise be viewed as a small zoo. At the point when I visited this spot, I was so astounded to see the wide scope of creatures and feathered creatures being displayed in this very much looked after park. Creatures including various fowls, creepy crawlies, bugs, millipedes, well evolved creatures and so forth are found in this park. Different assortments of winged animals like grouse, juncos, kinglets, finches, thrushes, larks and numerous others were confined, giving an incredible source to divert youngsters and numerous grown-ups who worship flying creatures. The cadenced trilling of the feathered creatures delivered an excellent mood melodies which loosened up e ach bone of my body. I couldn't quit taking a gander at these excellent, little, beautiful flying creatures who sat behind the wires of the enclosures. With regards to discussing bugs and frightening little creatures found in the recreation center, one will consistently experience tidy bark creepy crawly in this park. This is a bug which lay its eggs in Spruce trees which acts like a recharging in the old backwoods. As I strolled along the recreation center, I saw extraordinary quantities of dead tidy trees. Subsequent to enquiring from one of the staff individuals from the recreation center, I became acquainted with that a similar creepy crawly is really answerable for the demise of these trees as it removes the progression of water and supplements to the highest points of the trees. In addition, our diversion proceeded with when we visited the pens of the broad

Drawbacks of the Common Law System Free Essays

Clarify the disadvantages of the customary law framework in England and Wales. ‘Common law’ started in England in the eleventh century. Today in the United States of America, some customary law standards from the first English Law are being applied. We will compose a custom exposition test on Disadvantages of the Common Law System or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Close by it is the fanning assemblage of Common Law which is being set as a piece of gaze decisis which itself is a contraction of the Latin expression ‘stare decisis et non quieta movere’ which deciphers as ‘to remain by choices and not to upset settled matters’, whereby the legal frameworks choices and translation of legal law arrangements by judges, are turning into a piece of the precedent-based law. Judges also look to these choices as a rule, reference or as a vital point of reference to follow, while settling on their own choices. In spite of the fact that focal points of the framework have been critical in England and Wales, downsides of the framework progressively went ahead standard. As these choices depend on past cases, consistency of the result expanded and individuals are progressively presented to what ought not out of the ordinary, be that as it may in this way, with the component of consistency, silliness on concluding cases may happen. In alluding to a chose case, if there has all the earmarks of being no change and the choice is followed again by an adjudicator, an awful choice will in the end be sustained. What's more, considering precedent-based law frameworks have been following points of reference as a base, changes sets aside a long effort to occur. Meanwhile, an awful choice from a past case keeps on being maintained. It turned into a significant analysis of customary law frameworks that it very well may be difficult to find the pertinent standards because of the accessible volume of material. Customary law which depended on the standard of restricting point of reference implied that judges must follow point of reference regardless of whether they can't help contradicting it. Judges excessively couldn't recognize basically comparative cases despite the fact that they were on grounds choice made would be wrong. Master Denning too condemned the teaching to hold on what has been chosen by saying, â€Å"if legal counselors hold to their points of reference too intently, absent minded of the essential standards of truth and equity which they should serve, they may locate the entire building comes tumbling down about them. Similarly as the researcher looks for truth, so the legal counselor should look for equity. Similarly as the researcher takes his examples and from them develops his general suggestions, so the legal counselor should take his points of reference and from them develop his general standards. Similarly as the suggestions of the researcher neglect to be adjusted when indicated not to fit all occasions, or even disposed of when appeared in mistake, so the standards of the legal advisor ought to be changed when seen as unsuited to the occasions or disposed of when found to work foul play. , which as such implied tolerating the choices of old law prompts shamefulness and bad form. Besides, when point of reference seems missing the custom-based law lawful framework will undoubtedly confront troubles in making decisions. Troubles will emerge and flood different gatherings which incorporate appointed authorities and those with expectation to guarantee equity will be at lost with the inaccessibility of a concluded point of reference to allude to. This has been said on certain event to prompt a high level of unconventionality dependent on counter-intuitive differentiations. Instructions to refer to Drawbacks of the Common Law System, Essays

Locafox

Locafox In Berlin, we meet Locafox co-founder and CMO Fabian Friede. He shares his story how he co-founded this startup and how the current business model works (supply and demand side), as well as how he plans to enter the market, and some advice for young entrepreneurs.The transcript of the interview is below.Martin: Hi! Today we are in Berlin with Locafox. Fabian, who are you and what do you do?Fabian: Im Fabian and Im one of the founders of Locafox and Im responsible for marketing here. What Locafox is, Locafox is local commerce marketplace that enables consumers to find products, all available products in retail stores nearby.Martin: From my understanding, is that you have five founders and some of you did know each other before and some were new. How did you, what did you do before you started this company?Fabian: So, before I worked for big German incubator and some of the other founders did as well. But youre right, we are five founders and some of us worked together on another proje cts and we kind of, everyone knew somebody and in the end we kind of got together to build Locafox together, because I think we were very complementary team and with very good team fit and very good skill set that we brought together.Martin: And what made you change from being, lets say, entrepreneur in incubator to starting your own company together with your friends and colleagues?Fabian: I think I always wanted to. It was always, like, this goal I had, but I never had the right idea, the right thing to do, to start. But then, yeah, the idea of Locafox basically came around and I think it was good time to jump on it, because you dont often get these opportunities and really believe in the idea and also have a great team assembled. So, yeah, it was just the right time.Martin: And how did you process to find this kind of idea?Fabian: I think that came some it was not this hurricane moment where we said: Lets build Locafox! It was more like we all worked in e-commerce, and e-commerce is, if you look at the numbers, its around 10% of revenues in total retail. But if you work in e-commerce, you have like the Zalandos, the Amazons, you think e-commerce is everything. But then you look at the numbers, and like we worked for this tiny fraction, thats interesting. And that time when we thought about this idea, there was very interesting study that spoke about the so-called ROPO customer. So, research-online-purchase-offline. So, there are a lot of people who actually use the internet to gather information in the whole buying process but never buy online, they just buy offline. In this study it was around 38%, which I think is amazing, right? You work in this e-commerce space, which is 10% of the industry and theres the large group of people, 40%, who use the medium you use to sell to people, to just get information, and then buy offline. If you combine these two, these two findings that are basically which lead us think of Locafox.Martin: And this ROPO group, do they especially advise specific product segments or do they buy generally offline?Fabian: I think youll find them in all verticals, all product verticals, but in some product verticals you have them more than in others. I think fashion is where you have companies like Zalando but still, a lot of people buy offline. and why do they buy offline? Because you can touch the product, you can see if it fits correctly, you can see the color. Also, electronics, right? If you want to buy a new computer, which is worth 1000 Euros, some people just feel more confident to go in the store, to speak with someone, because they also want to know If I want to return it, I can just go there and its just, they just feel more confident with it. So, I dont think you can say this is in one specific vertical, but its in basically every vertical. And, I also think about it that you cant really say Youre a ROPO customer, youre an online customer, youre an offline customer, right? Were hybrid. We do everything. I t just depends on what feels right in that situation and what product it is and where you are. So, a lot of things come together, which is when you make the decision: do I buy it online or do I buy it offline?Martin: From you, its the same, so I sometimes buy more expensive goods offline just because of the servicing and the return policies, makes it much easier to go there to the store.Fabian: And, I, for example, just yesterday I had this example, right. Youre looking for something because youre, for example, invited to dinner and you want to look nice and you just have two hours. You cant order online. You have to go somewhere and then is really important to know where to go, and I think this is also where Locafox comes into place.Martin: Great. Great pictures. Lets talk about the business model. How does the business model currently work and, I mean, its something like a marketplace where you have some demand side and supply side. Can you tell us a little bit more about that?Fab ian: So, yeah. Locafox is two-sided marketplace. What do we do? We digitalize the store inventory of retail stores and then make this information accessible to consumers. What does it mean? We get all the inventory information, so availability, price, and so on. Lets say from electronics store next door, and then, Im looking for a new smartphone, I go to Locafox, Im looking for new Samsung Galaxy, and what Locafox does, it shows you hey, these are the products in your area around you, and these are the stores that offer these products. And they are actually available, this is how much they cost and this is how you get to the store. And then, what you can do at Locafox, you can actually reserve the product and just go there and pick it up. And yeah, in the future what we will offer is also same day deliveries, so you dont even have to get out of the house, but we can bring it to your door. But I think this is rather simplification.Martin: Ok, so one of the major value drivers for the Locafox business model is this instant gratification, meaning that the customer can get the product within the next one-two hours offline. How do you make sure that the process flow is that automated, so that all of the inventory is really available and with true and transparent information on your platform?Fabian: I think before we go into instant gratification, instant information, thats our first USP, right? Because you can get information immediately, right, we have real time information about if the product is available, what it costs and where it is available. And this is the first step. And then the next step is the instant gratification, because you now know that you can have the product for that certain price at that certain retailer, you can just go there and pick it up or get it delivered. So, this is the first USP and second USP and then, the question was?Martin: How do you want to make sure because some of the big retailers maybe dont have an API, so you get all data i mmediately, or they need a lot of time for responding to some customer requests, which would mean that the time between question and response would be quite high. Thats contrary to your value proposition.Fabian: If I reserve a product at Locafox, what we do, we basically ping the retailer and say: Hey, this product is reserved by a customer X. What the retailer then does he picks the product and puts it at, it depends on retailer, right, how their infrastructure is within the store, but lets say this is a retailer who has an information stand and then they put it there and its reserved for you. Obviously, theres some timeframe, but normally the response rate is very quick. In the end, thats something we have to interact on. I mean, thats why we are startup, because we have to build the solution to a problem, not because we already have it. I think how it works now, we never had a complaint that this part of the process didnt work, but thats why we have to funnel the rescheduling if we might have problem, because, in the end, you have to educate the retailer, you have to be open with a consumer, like, what is the status, you have to inform them, you have to be very transparent with the status of your reservation, and, basically, manage the expectations there.Martin: Can you tell us a little bit more about the major hypothesis that you want to test and how do you try to test it?Fabian: When we first set out to start Locafox, we didnt say Hey, lets build Locafox! We said Hey, we have this hypothesis that people actually want this information that we now try to deliver. We had several hypothesis, also that people want to get delivered within the certain amount of time, and so on. And what we did is, we first had to basically verify that. And we did that with speaking with lot of potential customers, so, we went out and interviewed a lot of consumers about all the expectations when they go shopping: when they go shopping online, when they go shopping offline. But also, we wanted to know how we can combine these both worlds to get the best out of it. Then we basically had this qualitative feedback, we then quantified our findings there with surveys, then we built an MVP to further test our hypothesis with real traffic that we broughtMartin: With end user or?Fabian: Exactly. So, we had aside the basic offer, that exact same services like Locafox, but its not fully-functioning site, it didnt look as beautiful as it does now. Im saying that because we just had a re-launch last week and it really looks beautiful. Thats what we tested with.Martin: What was this that you test with the retailers?Fabian: With retailers in terms of if theyMartin: If they would be interested in becoming a part ofFabian: Thats a qualitative research that we did, so we basically speak with them. We went to the big retail chains and we spoke with them, we also went in every lunch break, we went into different retailers in our area and just spoke with them: Hey, just imagi ne you could do this. Would you like this kind of service? And thats what we did.Martin: Ok. Great! In terms of corporate strategy, how do you plan to enter the market?Fabian: We have a double-sided marketplace. Its always that you can act problem. First, because we need retailers, so we have inventory on our side, and then we need to get consumers. But we always say You can just serve one king and the king is the consumers, because they, in the end, bring the money in. Thats why were doing now is were building density, how we call it, so we need a lot of retailers, the offers that we can show to the consumer. So, at the moment, our focus is to acquire all the retailers and then we have a city-by-city approach, because density in Germany is rather hard to get if you need to get all these small retailers where you have like hundred thousands of them. So, we can only focus on Berlin, Hamburg and Munich and acquire first big retail chains because if they bring in hundred stores we can get the density rather quickly. But then we also have free sales teams who really walk through every street of the city and speak to every retailer Hey, guys, do you want to come aboard? We have this great idea, this great business, we bring value to you, we bring customers to your store that youve never had before. This is what we do on the one side. Once we have the certain density, within different cities, we can then start market it. From the marketing perspective, what I think is very interesting for us, because we have a lot of unique information, on the other side, we have a lot of people looking for local information about the retailers. There was a study actually coming out in May this year from Google, and it stated that 4 out of 5 customers are looking for local information and they also found out what are they looking for, and in the retail section they look for store information like opening times, but also about product availability and so on. So, obviously, the organi c potential here is rather high, but also to build that, it obviously needs some time. So, in the beginning we will definitely focus on paid, but in the end, what we want to build is a product for the mass market. Its also about brand building. So, a lot of things are coming together here.Martin: From my point of view, this is model with a lot of networking effects, if you once establish good marketing example, but how do you think about balancing being very dense in the German market, with internationalization, for example. Theres only specific window opportunity in several markets but would you rather focus only on Germany first until you get 50% market share or would you rather go abroad if you had, lets say, 2% of market share?Fabian: We have a certain strategy for going international, but we need to see. We are building a business here that didnt exist before and we dont know how fast the adoption rate will be and so on. But I agree that it makes more sense to first go for high er market share than already start internationalization at the market share of 2%. But in the end, thats what you need to judge when you really are there at the point and you see that opportunity window might be closing out of the market and that you have to decide go or dont.Martin: We always try to share some kind of insights with first-time entrepreneurs and people interested and they are starting their own company. What have been your major learnings for starting and scaling companies?Fabian: I think, if you start a company, you have to be really passionate about what you do, about the product you build, about the problem solved, because there will be a lot of ups but a lot of downs as well. If youre not really passionate about it, its a lot of stress, probably not worth dealing with. So, I think, if youre going into starting your own venture, do something youre really passionate about. What I think that is also very important, and what I think a lot of companies might improve is: be very close to your customers. You want to learn. Especially a startup you build something and need to reduce risk. And how do you do that? By speaking with your customers. By knowing exactly what they want, what theyre willing to pay for. Thats why you never lose touch with your customers. If they make an order just call them, follow up, most of them are really happy if youre calling and ask them Hey, how was your experience? Is there anything we can do better? I think that is very important because otherwise you might build a picture-perfect product, but nobody wants to pay for it. That would be very bad thing, not only for you, but maybe for your investors as well, and you probably couldve done something way more productive in that time as well. I think never lose the touch with your customers.Martin: Thank you very much, Fabian.Fabian: Thank you.

Epic Heores Beowulf Versus Odysseus - 2145 Words

Beowulf vs. Odysseus People have been trying to decide whether Beowulf and Odysseus are viewed as equally epic heroes, they both share many characteristics as epic heroes. They are both world wide know for their actions and what kind of hero they are, their bravery, smartness and their use of brute strength. Although Odysseus is much more popular than Beowulf they still show many similarities in what they do. Not only do they have similarities, but also have many differences in them. The stuff they take pride in and also they are different in what they think is the most important thing in their lives. Both stories were written in Europe, so not only do they have similarities but they also have a great number of differences, but the main the to look at with these to is the similarities they shared and how they used their powers to conquer their opponents or enemies. Almost all epic poems have a hero in the story and Beowulf and Odysseus happen to be the heroes in the stories. Before we get into how the two epic heroes are alike and different we must look at what a epic hero is and what he or she does. There are many different kinds of epic heroes. Epic heroes are a lot more than just warriors and fighters; they don’t fight the battles that they fight for nothing. They have a purpose for why they are fighting it whether it is for themselves or for their people. They always fight for a purpose. Odysseus and Beowulf would not be the epic heroes they are believed to be if

Effect of Corruption on Kenyas Economoc Growth - 6642 Words

UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORRUPTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN KENYA MULEMBO ENOKA X75/3844/2008 GERALD NGILAI MUEMA X74/3741/2008 GITHINJI JOSEPH MULWA X74/3726/2008 WANGARI ELIJAH GACHOHI X75/3777/2008 KIRU JOSEPH KAMAU X74/ 3599 /2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background to the study 1 1.1.1 Ministry of Finance Kenya†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 2 1.2 Research Problem Statement 3 1.3 Research objectives 3 1.3.1 General Objective†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 1.3.2 Specific Objectives†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 1.4 Research Questions 4 1.5 Significance of the Study 4 1.6†¦show more content†¦This unit existed until May 2003 when the anti corruption and economic crimes Act (ACECA), established the Kenya Anti corruption commission (KACC). The ACECA replaced the prevention of corruption Act, 1956. ACECA is the key statute in the fight against corruption and is complimented by the public office ethics Act. Past reforms on public expenditure management have not worked well as the executive arm of the government has consistently failed to act on various recommendations of the watchdog institutions on the mismanagement of public funds. Similarly, the stated war against corruption, which is rampant in the public expenditure management, is yet to be won mainly due to legal technicalities encountered in trying to establish an effective and independent anti-corruption authority. There is therefore need for a thorough examination of the fiscal systems with a view to formulating pragmatic remedial measures (Baumol, 2003). Research Problem Statement The problem of this study is to explore the effects of corruption on the economic growth in Kenya. Corruption cases reported to KACC increased by 16 % from 3637 in 2,008 to 4473 in 2009 (economic survey 2010). Corruption affects both the nation and the individual. At the national level, corruption has led to poor economic performance. This has resulted in: increased taxation burdens on Kenyans; unplanned, misdirected expenditure on projects

Municipal Solid Waste Management In China Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

The universe is now enduring from an exigency crisis of municipal solid waste ( MSW ) . The entire sum of planetary MSW is lifting aggressively, particularly in some development states, such as China. The one-year sum of MSW production in China increased from 0. We will write a custom essay sample on Municipal Solid Waste Management In China Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now 0313 billion dozenss to 0.14 billion dozenss during an 18 old ages period from 1980 to 1998 ( Suocheng, 2001, P7-11 ) . And the accrued volume of MSW in China experienced a rapid addition during a 5 old ages period from about 6 billion dozenss in 1998 to more than 6.5 billion dozenss in 2002 ( Zhiqiang, 2006, P1193-1197 ) . With the economic system go oning to turn aggressively, it is clear that MSW direction may be one of the heaviest loads for the China authorities. As a consequence, taking a suited method for MSW intervention in China is going much more necessary and exigency. MSW direction system in China In the early People Republic of China, under the background of the planned economic system system, MSW direction was defined as a public service by the authorities ( Suocheng, 2001, P7-11 ) , which made MSW direction isolated from the market. As a consequence, used an inordinate public financess for disposing MSW became one of the factors leaded to financial shortage. By the terminal of 1970s, the Chinese authorities put frontward the reform and opening-up policy. Profit from this policy, although the market mechanisms were still uncomplete, it began to play an progressively decisive function in MSW direction in China. After about 50 old ages of development, there were three chief methods used to dispose the MSW: Incineration, Landfill and composted. By the terminal of 2000, more than 70 % of MSW was managed by landfill ( largely by simple landfill ) and about 20 % by composted, merely less than 10 % was disposed by incineration ( Zhiqiang, 2006, P1193-1197 ) . During the past decennary, the authorities began to pay much more attending in incineration, which changed the per centum of the composing of MSW direction system. However, it did non intend that a most suited system had already formed, due to this ground, an analysis about dispose methods should still be taken. Waste Landfill System Landfill engineering is utilizing a landfill site for MSW disposal by compression and entombment. Through the decomposition of anaerobiotic bug, organic affairs will be converted into inorganic substances and will finally be absorbed by the dirt. Landfill engineering has been the most often used method in MSW direction, particularly in China. Landfill is the cheapest MSW disposal option, the costs of waste transit is being reduced because of the short distance from urban country to landfill site. It means that, local wastes can be disposed in situ alternatively of transported to another country. Another advantage of landfill is the comprehensive ability in MSW intervention. Compare with other waste disposal methods, landfill engineering can dispose many different types of wastes which have non been classified. Furthermore, vast of methane, which was discharged from the landfill site, can be collected by a gas assemblage system and used as a cleaner-burning fuel. However, as have mentioned above, most of the MSW in China was disposed by simple landfill, which have already caused many jobs. One of the most common influences is surface H2O pollution ; rivers may be polluted because of toxins seep. For illustration, the prostration of the Xiaping landfill in Shenzhen metropolis, China, finally caused a terrible pollution in Shenzhen River, which made 1/3 of the imbibing H2O supplies disrupted for over a hebdomad and it besides posed a serious menace to the natural environment. Furthermore, in instance of improper operation, methane may leak from the gas assemblage system, which may do air pollution, and doubtless, will lend to planetary heating. In add-on, landfill may besides influent the local dirt. Owing to a slow decomposition rate of the anaerobiotic bug, one time a site has been filled, the high concentration of contaminations in it will be at least 200 old ages. Therefore, a land which has of all time been used as a landfill site can non be redeveloped in a short period. Waste Incineration System â€Å" Incineration is a waste intervention procedure that involves the burning of organic substances contained in waste stuffs ( The Wikipedia, 2010 ) † . Waste stuffs will be converted into ash, fluke gas, and heat thought the waste incineration system. MSW incineration engineering was foremost used at the terminal of 1980 ‘s and experienced a dramatic advancement in 1990 ‘s ( Xiaodong, 2002 ) . Compare with landfill engineering, waste incineration merely necessitate a lower limit of land and the sum of waste can be reduced to about 10 % of the initial value. Besides, ashes from the incinerator can be used as building stuffs and these stuffs could be much cheaper than traditional stuffs. Furthermore, the modern incineration system could bring forth electricity and collect heat energy while MSW is firing, which were considered as green energy. Although incineration systems can do many benefits, without uncertainties, there still much disadvantages of utilizing incinerator for MSW disposing and it could even present a much more serious menace to the environment. In order to forestall environmental jobs, particularly air pollution, the operation of incineration system must establish on high engineerings ; it means that, a high cost should be wage for MSW intervention. Furthermore, as the Torahs is updating, more advanced equipments possibly required in the hereafter and it may besides be vast of money. Undoubtedly, all of these costs will be shifted on to consumers. Furthermore, even though all incineration systems are utilizing the most advanced engineering, taints may still be discharged. These sorts of taints could be much more unsafe than that produced during landfill procedure, because some high carcinogenicity affairs like dioxin will be discharged to the atmospheric environment during burning. As a consequence, more a nd more people realize that incineration system is harmful for wellness. For illustration, although the authorities promises that it would non be any unsafe, people in Guangzhou City, China are still contending to avoid an incineration to be built in their metropolis. Waste Composting System â€Å" Compost is composed of organic stuffs derived from works and carnal affair that has been decomposed mostly through aerophilic decomposition ( The Wikipedia, 2010 ) † . The development of MSW composting in China can be divided into three stages ( Yuan, 2000 ) : The primary phase was from 1950s-1960s. In this phase, people began to analyze the operation mechanism of composting. As a consequence, composting became a new engineering for MSW direction. The development phase was from 1970s-1980s. Composting experienced a comfortable period in this phase, for illustration, the China authorities chosen 11 types of composting engineerings as distributing engineerings ( Nei, 1992 ) . The distributing application phase was from 1990s boulder clay presents. The authorities found that composting was a most eco-friendly method in MSW direction, so big sums of money were put into the publicity of composting. Composting is a about harmless MSW disposing engineering. Compare with landfill and incineration, composting could be carried out in a simple manner, it is suited for little metropoliss, particularly some agricultural countries. Furthermore, wastes will go agricultural fertiliser after a composting procedure, which can organize a good material circulation system. However, limited by treating efficiency, composting site could merely be built in a smaller graduated table. Furthermore, merely some simple affair such as refuse or animate being and works remains can be disposed by composting. Due to this fact, a successful composting system is base on a well waste categorization system. On the other manus, because of the difference in microbic vegetations, each composting system has a particular operating environment. Temperature, aeration, composing of waste can all go factors which may impact composting. Choosing a suited method for MSW As the sum of MSW in China is still lifting aggressively, the contemporary MSW direction system will no longer be utile to work out the job efficaciously. For this ground, to set up a new MSW disposing system is necessary. First of wholly, as consequences of many environmental jobs were caused by landfill, landfill system should be discontinued bit by bit. Although incineration system may do some serious environmental jobs, compared with landfill engineering, it can still be an effectual manner in MSW disposing. On the other manus, composting engineerings should be promoted smartly. However, the constitution of incineration and composting system is under the conditions of good waste categorization. In order to accomplish this end, on the one manus, the authorities should increased promotion and instruction attempts on waste categorization. On the other manus, public installations such as classificatory rubbish bins should be heightening significantly. Furthermore, In order to set up a long-run mechanism, the bonus-penalty mechanism and the market economic system mechanism should be introduced into MSW direction system. By this manner, MSW direction system will associate up with the market economic system, which will do the MSW direction system much more comprehensive. Decision As a fact that the volume of municipal solid waste in China is increasing aggressively, the presents waste direction system may neglect to run into the processing demands. Landfill engineering, which is busying a dominant place in MSW dispose, should non be promoted any longer because of the monolithic land business and the high-risk in bring forthing environmental pollution jobs. On the other manus, Incineration and composting engineering, which are the freshly development and eco-friendly engineerings, should go major picks. However, merely trusting on the development of new engineerings are non plenty, the alteration of people ‘s attitudes towards waste intervention is the cardinal manner to work out the MSW direction job. To accomplish this intent, the constitution of a market direction mechanism, which can do the MSW direction control by the regulations of market economic system, become a major premiss. To reason, utilizing Incineration and composting engineering as the ch ief processing system and landfill as an aide is the most suited manner to work out the job of MSW. How to cite Municipal Solid Waste Management In China Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

The Future of Transmedia Storytelling Essays (1017 words)

The Future of Transmedia Storytelling Since the beginning of humanity, storytelling has been an essential part of growth and development allowing individuals to share information. The first forms of storytelling included gestures, drawings, and vocalizations. As humanity evolved, more advanced communication developed. For example, storytelling evolved to using language and text. Today, there are various forms of communication, and storytelling continues to be essential in our society for transferring information in the form of transmedia. Relative to time, transmedia is very new. The use of transmedia requires a variety of media outlets and mediums. The way in which storytelling is implemented has developed critically making it hard to consider how advanced technology will become in the future. Some possibilities of transmedia that may appear in the future include virtual reality movies and shows and advertisement development. These new changes can be attributed to the increasingly infrequent use of physical books and newspapers. Many businesses use transmedia to share their stories through advertisements. Advertisements are a modern form of storytelling that can be quite effective. With the large amount of media outlets and different people watching each one, utilizing as many outlets as possible ensures that many people will hear and learn about the business. In the future, advertisements will continue to develop. Furthermore, the number of commercials and advertisements in media has Increased rapidly within the past decade. In addition, the length of commercials on TV have lengthened significantly. Websites and applications such as YouTube, Pandora, Facebook, and many others have added advertisements in between songs and videos. This trend will continue to expand across more popular websites and applications. Furthermore, the amount of time people spend viewing a screen every day is increasing and will likely continue increasing. This trend leads to more exposure to advertisements as their screen time increases and more applications and websites implement advertisements. Screens and advertisements go hand in hand. As more things become accessible from the leisure of your home, more people will utilize technology to gain and transfer information. This is common in our culture: a sense of speed and ease. Another form of advertisement that will appear more frequently is advertisements within linked devices. Today the linkage between electrical devices is become becoming more apparent. As the moves in that direction so will advisements. Your phone, alarm clock, music, car, TV, and any other electronics will be all synced together. The future of advertisements will also follow this pattern. Advertisements will be a part of all these linked devices. (Wong) As technology continues to advance, the way stories are told is also changing. For example, the advancements in virtual reality have been improving each year. Just as virtual reality video games allow individuals to experience the game themselves as if they were truly physically there, movies have the potential to get there as well. An individual would be able to watch a movie while moving around in that setting, experiencing the movie firsthand. In fact, IMAX and Google are coordinating and creating plans to invent a virtual reality camera (Cuthbertson). In addition, this would allow individuals to view the same movie repeatedly, but from different vantage points. Furthermore, there was a movie released in 2008 named Vantage Point which portrayed one incident from three different vantage points. The actual event captured was only about half hour in length. Similarly, this is how the "virtual reality" movie experience would work. A viewer could watch the movie multiple times, disc overing novel and interesting details each time. Currently, there are 360 video clips, but they are limited and have a person stay in one stationary spot versus moving around. Virtual reality movies are another way that storytelling will occur in transmedia. In addition to virtual reality movies, TV shows will also adapt to this new feature. The difference could be the possibility of including virtual reality commercials in television. A possible example of this would be including commercials that require individuals to complete a short task to continue watching the show. Presently, commercials implement visual aids to keep viewers entertained, but virtual reality commercials would rely more on tasks or game like commercials to reach the same goal. Furthermore, as the internet, movies, and video games continue

Futurism and 20th Century Essay Example

Futurism and 20th Century Essay Example Futurism and 20th Century Paper Futurism and 20th Century Paper An Itch You Can’t Scratch Futurism is a movement in the 20th century that valued technology’s beauty. In their works of art the Futurists tried to capture the experience of a modern world transformed by steam engines, electricity, automobiles, and airplanes. Futurist art was an appreciation of life and sought to obliterate the contemplative concept of art. Instead of standing separate from the experience of the modern world, Futurist artists threw themselves into the battle against a tame past and a liberating future. During the first decade of the 20th century, a group of young Italian painters came together under the influence of Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, an Italian poet and writer. They dabbled in every medium of art including painting, sculpture, theatre and much more. Marinetti launched this movement in his Futurist Manifesto, which was published February 5, 1909. After it was published, it quickly spread to France, Germany, Russia and the Americas. This movement was the first organized, radical art movement of this century. Their manifestos were meant to shock and provoke the audience. Marinetti’s ideas came from his loath for tame virtues and tastes. His ideas were radical. He believed that it was time to create a new form of art for the people, based on the beauty of speed and the power and force of machinery. It was clear that Marinetti was trying to make Futurism break away from the past and create something completely new and compelling. The Futurists loved speed, noise, machines, pollution, and cities; they embraced the exciting new world that was upon them rather than enjoying the modern world’s comforts while disapproving the forces that made them possible. : Futurism was a celebration of the machine age, glorifying war and favoring the growth of fascism. Futurist painting and sculpture were concerned with expressing movement and the dynamics of natural and man-made forms. Futurism in theatre, however, was very short lived. The futurist plays sought to transform the audience from just mere spectators to being active participants in the show. Marinetti presented a whole list of suggestions on how to cause laughter, commotion and fighting. The plays would incorporate the audience with antics such as spreading the seats with glue, or sprinkling itching powder on the seats. They also provoked the audience by overselling the tickets so there were not enough seats for the people who had purchased the tickets. This would lead to the fighting. These antics were meant to annoy and enrage the audience, forcing them to feel emotion when they were at the play and to physically participate. These emotions were obviously not positive emotions, which is why this form of theatre was not very popular and it did not last very long. Because after they aroused their audience, they failed to guide them to their ideals. Futurist theatre ended in the late 20th century. I chose this topic for my paper because it was one of the movements of theatre that really stuck out to me. I loved the idea of including the audience and transforming them from mere voyeurs but this was obviously not the way to do that. I could not believe some of the things they did to their audience. I could not believe they actually spread itching powder and glue on the seats. There are many more appropriate ways to involve an audience. This was just disrespectful to the audience. I can understand why this form of theatre was so short-lived. These antics would drive away the audience and make them too distracted to even enjoy the show. The show would then go unnoticed. I do not understand how they thought this was a good idea. The seating area is supposed to be relaxing and comfortable. The audience should feel welcomed while viewing a show, not angered and provoked by tactics involved with the seating area. They should have focused on more positive ways to engage the audience without provoking them.

The Holy Land

The Holy Land The region generally encompassing territory from the River Jordan in the east to the Mediterranean Sea in the west, and from the Euphrates River in the north to the Gulf of Aqaba in the south, was considered the Holy Land by medieval Europeans. The city of Jerusalem was of especially sacred significance  and continues to be so, to Jews, Christians and Muslims. A Region of Sacred Significance For millennia, this territory had been considered the Jewish homeland, originally encompassing the joint kingdoms of Juda and Israel that had been founded by King David. In c. 1000 B.C.E., David conquered Jerusalem and made it the capital; he brought the Ark of the Covenant there, making it a religious center, as well. Davids son King Solomon had a fabulous temple built in the city, and for centuries Jerusalem flourished as a spiritual and cultural center. Through the long and tumultous history of the Jews, they never stopped considering Jerusalem to be the single most important and holiest of cities. The region has spiritual meaning for Christians because it was here that Jesus Christ lived, traveled, preached and died. Jerusalem is especially sacred because it was in this city that Jesus died on the cross and, Christians believe, rose from the dead. The sites that he visited, and especially the site believed to be his tomb, made Jerusalem the most important objective for medieval Christian pilgrimage. Muslims see religious value in the area because it is where monotheism originated, and they recognize Islams monotheistic heritage from Judaism. Jerusalem was originally the place toward which Muslims turned in prayer, until it was changed to Mecca in the 620s C.E. Even then, Jerusalem retained significance to Muslims because it was the site of Muhammads night journey and ascension. The History of Palestine This region was also sometimes known as Palestine, but the term is a difficult one to apply with any precision. The term Palestine derives from Philistia, which was what the Greeks called the land of the Philistines. In the 2nd century C.E. the Romans used the term Syria Palaestina to indicate the southern part of Syria, and from there the term made its way into Arabic. Palestine has post-medieval significance; but in the Middle Ages, it was rarely used by Europeans in connection with the land they considered sacred. The profound importance of the Holy Land to European Christians would lead Pope Urban II to make the call for the First Crusade, and thousands of devout Christians answered that call.

The Origins of the Urban Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Origins of the Urban Crisis - Essay Example The term, 'American Dream' was coined by James Adams, in his book, 'The Epics of America' and the American Dream is the very pulse of the country, as signified by the personified Statue of Liberty. The American Dream, as envisaged by the early Americans, is the utopian condition of living in pursuit of liberty, happiness and luxury. It lays down that one must work hard and persevere, in order to live in comfort and happiness. Early immigrants to America were attracted by the fact that they could now live in a country, where there would not exist any forcible acquisition of land or impoverished conditions. They felt that this new land upheld their hopes of working hard and earning their due, providing opportunity to grow and live in absolute harmony and comfort. The American Dream grew in its dimensions during the Industrial Revolution, which enabled the increment in production and provided opportunities to labor and earn money. This, in turn, increased the Standard of Living in America, which furthered the dream. The Dream reached its pinnacle in the 19th century, when people shifted base to America, to try their fortunes and truly live a cherished life of luxury, liberty and happiness. Thus, the American Dream is a vision that propelled the forefather and early immigrants of America to work harder, live successfully and comfortably and enjoy the very essence of life. Change in the American Dream The forefathers of the American nation, who envisaged and coined the term, the American Dream envisioned a hard working and prosperous nation, rising above the rest of the world. The aim of the American Dream was to realize the ideals that it put forth. The ideals of liberty, luxury, comfort, perseverance and happiness were the most striking of them all. America did progress in this direction, winning one ideal after the other. The 19th century led to the glorious success of the envisaged dream. However, things gradually began to change and change towards slow declination. The urge to rule the world began to replace the passion to live successfully, which brought about a major shift in the process of contemplation. This brought about the frenzy of achieving military superiority, above the improvisation of the country's progress in other spheres. The World War II brought about a great shift in the American Dream and its very concepts and ideals. The participation of neutral America in the World War II was a betrayal of the hopes of the millions of Americans, who had previously endured the Depression and the World War I. The result of the World War II led to the supremacy of the United States of America, which began to don the role of the dominant industrial nation of the world. Detroit was one of the fast growing industrial cities of America, thanks to Ford, who developed the dream

How the economy has affected the automotive industry Essay

How the economy has affected the automotive industry - Essay Example Most of the automobile manufacturers are struggling hard in order to survive in the market. â€Å"In 1990, Mexico exported around 180,000 vehicles, whereas in the first 11 months of 2002 manufacturers in Mexico have sent 1.23 million units abroad. (DeMarines) The growth of automobile industry was huge before the current economic recession starts. Not only Mexico, the leading car manufacturers in Japan, America and Germany were also recorded huge growth in their sales before the unexpected crisis began to affect the whole world. In November, 2008, U.S. sales for the Toyota, Lexus and Scion brands combined fell 33.9 percent; year-to-date sales were down 13.4 percent in the United States, to about 2.1 million, according to Auto Data Corp. (Henry) Inside the 789 Chrysler showrooms to be cast aside, fear is starting to set in as dealers try to figure out what to do with expensive inventories that werent selling well (MSNBC.com) The proposed $ 700 billion bailout package especially to save the automobile industries in America from total destruction, is seems to be not enough as per the experts. GM and Chrysler announced last week to shed almost 2,000 retail outlets to bolster the survivors. Reducing competition from stores with the same brands is supposed to allow the remainder to boost prices and profit, and to reinvest in their businesses (Merx) â€Å"In their appeals to Congress, the U.S. automakers were short on accepting blame themselves, and long on blaming high gas prices, the credit crisis and a global recession for the sales downturn and their economic dire straits† (Henry) When we analyze all the above factors we can conclude that automotive industry is directly linked with the economy of a country. Fluctuations in economy will affect the automobile industries more than any other industries. Shift in policies and also the supply and demand of automobiles in

The Style Of Community Policing Criminology Essay

The Style Of Community Policing Criminology Essay Policing in England and Wales over the years has been increasingly challenging as it has been subjected to unprecedented levels of public scrutiny. Britain consists of many different areas and these areas are all homes too many different communities. Therefore, this essay shall explain how Community policing is a better style of policing for the community.    Before the Scarman report in 1981 there was a need to improve public confidence in policing as well as policing with community consent.   Ã‚  By the year 2008 all police forces in England and Wales had adapted a form of policing style, which was about tackling and fighting crime more intelligently.   This form of policing style is known as Community policing and consists of many factors such as Reassurance policing, Neighbourhood policing and Citizen Focused policing. Reassurance policing seeks to improve public confidence in policing as well as trust in the police. The Reassurance Policing Programme in England and Wales conducted between 2003/04 and 2004/05 provided evidence that suggested that Reassurance policing had a positive impact on crime, fear of crime and public confidence in the police.   In order to deliver Reassurance policing the Government introduced Community Support Officers to provide reassurance, to act as a vital support in the community and prevent and solve low-level crimes such as anti -social behaviour.   Community Support Officers act as a link between the police and the community to build trust, confidence and a relationship between the police and community.    Neighbourhood policing on the other hand is a model of Community policing and is centered on three concepts dedicated resources, intelligence led and joint action. An important aspect of Neighbourhood policing is dedicated resources theses are police officers who are locally developed, visible, accessible, knowledgeable to the area and locally known by the community who are able to enforce law and order effectively. One might suggest that the police are an organisation that is led by intelligence; they need intelligence which can only be gathered from the community to solve and prevent crime. This benefits the police as they are able to target crime hotspots and bring offenders to justice more importantly this benefits the community as crime is reduced as well as the fear of crime. Neighbourhood policing emphasises the importance of joint action which is action that is taken by the community, police and partners who include the local authority, Social Services, education establishmen ts, and many other partners who are to work together to resolve issues and concerns which have been addressed by the community.    Citizen focused policing can be best described as a cultural and operational change in the police but reflects the needs of the community in police decision-making and service.   Citizen focused policing helps improve community experiences with the police either being one to one or by telephone. One might argue that Community policing is delivered through Neighbourhood Policing Teams who are signed to specific beats. Neighbourhood Policing Teams consist of Inspectors, Sergeants, Police officers, Community Support Officers, Special Constables, partners and community volunteers.   Ã‚  Ã‚   As Community policing consists of Reassurance policing, Neighbourhood policing and Citizen focused policing. One could argue that Community policing is an effective and a better style of policing for the community as it helps build secure, confident, safe and cohesive communities. Along with this, Community policing is a proactive and preventative mode of operation, which benefits the community as crime is prevented than older approaches such as mobile patrol, emergency response and reactive criminal investigation.   Community policing stresses policing with and for the community rather than policing of the community. Community policing emphasis that the police are to visible, accessible, locally developed, locally known and should be dedicated to specific beats. As Community Surveys have showed that those police officers who were assigned to beat areas community attitudes were improved.   Community policing illustrates that it is in the interest of the police and the community t o control crime and disorder along with reducing the fear of crime. Community policing is a better style of policing for the community as it is focused upon community involvement and support as well as promotes community involvement in policing. For instance, the Handsworth Wood Neighbourhood Policing Team of the West Midlands Police have set up police surgeries as well as a Neighbourhood Watch Scheme to allow the community to actively get involved in policing.   Therefore, revenge from offenders is harder or less likely as it is hard to trace the informant as community policing promotes police officers to chat with all local residents.   Community policing identifies problems within the community and improves the quality of life of those residents who live within the community by solving these problems.  Community policing allows the community to raise concerns about issues that really matter to them and furthermore allows the community to make these concerns policing priorit ies. For example, each Neighbourhood Policing Team of the West Midlands Police has a dedicated website that lists out community priorities which the community has set.   Furthermore, an example of this was illustrated in a Newspaper article the Highgate community in Birmingham raised concerns to the police relating to drug dealing taking place. The West Midlands Police investigated and acted upon the information which led them to carry out street raids which resulted in several arrests and whereby three individuals were charged with possession of class A drugs.   Ã‚  The article further went on to say that local residents were happy to see that the police were taking action and dealing with their concerns.   Ã‚   One should not forget that Community policing helps build relationships between the community, police and partners as well as promotes them to work together to resolve issues and concerns.   An example of this was illustrated by the Cleveland Police Service, according to their statistics crime had fallen by 16% since the launched of Community policing in their force area.   Therefore, at the end of September 2009 there were 51,283 crimes committed across the force which is 9,814 fewer crimes than the previous 12 months.   Ã‚  Ã‚  One may argue that this is a perfect example of partnership working between all parties and achieving goals and aims. The community has benefited as there are 9,814 were not victims of crime.   The Government for the year 2008 09 provided a  £324 million pound fund for Neighbourhood Policing Teams in order to ensure that they were able to implement Community policing, the fund is 2.7% higher than 2007 08.   Ã‚  This may be an indication that Co mmunity policing is effective and better style of policing for the community.    Community policing is an effective style of policing as it stresses the importance of keeping the community informed of what exactly is being done in order to deal with their concerns.   Ã‚  To support Neighbourhood Policing Teams of the West Midlands Police have web pages that list out what is being done and has been done in order to deal with the issues and concerns of the community. Therefore, to one extent this provides direct accountability at a local level and enables the community to hold to account those who are responsible for reducing crime in their area.   However, this may conflict with existing policing infrastructures and systems for example representative accountability structures which lie with Police Authorities who are responsible for police services.   The question lies as Community policing involves the community, police and partners who is responsible for reducing crime and disorder and who is to be held account? Furthermore, Community policing helps distin guish the difference between those members of community who are prolific offenders and those residents who commit low-level crimes such as anti social behaviour. One should not forget that Community policing provides reassurance and helps to reduce the fear of crime as well as helps build trust and confidence between the community and the police.    Community policing emphasises the use of discretion by police officers rather than the use of arrests. One might suggest that the concept behind this is that the community may be more willing to allow the police to enforce law and order.   In other words, harsh punishments like arrests may have a negative impact. However, Community policing does not totally de-emphasises the use of arrests but should be used as a last resource, in some cases like the Newspaper article the use of arrests may have more of a good impact. Community policing to one extent does not reform society but supports and promotes restoring order.    Community policing has many benefits for the community but three main elements which are improved the environment, economy and social factors. The environment is improved as environmental issues can be dealt by other partners. The economy is benefited as local service providers are able to work together with the community, partners and police to resolve issues such as shop lifting or anti social behaviour. Social factors such as parks, playing areas, education establishments are improved.   The police also benefit from Community policing as there may be financial benefits as partners may contribute to costs to help tackle crime. For example, local businesses may pay for special services such as patrols in shopping centres in order to deal with anti social behaviour.    However, on one hand Community policing offers political benefits and little reality of police practice.   In other words, Community policing sounds and sells better in political terms to the community as it is community orientated. But in police practice Community policing may have little value although there is no evidence to suggest this. For instance, some police officers may have not been asked but have been told that they are part of Community policing. Furthermore, the Birmingham West and Central Local Policing Unit of the West Midlands Police consists of 11 Neighbourhood Policing Teams which in total has 149 Police Officers and 97 Police Community Support Officers.   The areas which the Birmingham West and Central Local Policing Unit covers as geographically big, residential and disadvantaged areas. This could be an indication that the police may not prefer Community policing and that they are not equipped to multitask in their role. Police Officers who may wish to progre ss their career may find it difficult as Community policing may be seen as a less useful attribute.   Ã‚  On the other hand, middle class communities may be more willing to work with the police than fractured and disadvantaged communities who may be unwilling to work with the police due to lack of trust and confidence.   Moreover, even those who wish to work closely with the police may be deterred because of intimidation from other residents.   The belief that a community exists may be a myth as communities are so diverse where does one start and where does one end.    Developments of Community policing has led the Government to develop guidance for Neighbourhood Policing Teams to engage with children and young people. The early Intervention and Prevention of Youth Crime and Anti Social Behaviour has been developed to allow the police tackle and prevent crime and anti social behaviour through prevention.   This benefits the community as children and young people who are the next generation are driven away from crime and anti- social behaviour, but instead are educated, helped and driven towards a goal to achieve in life.   Overall, Community policing is a better style of policing for the community as it a philosophy that allows the community to work together with the police and partners to solve problems, fear of crime, physical and social disorder.   Community policing helps define problems, shapes and forms priorities, examines and identifies problems as well as promotes community involvement and joint action. Community policing involves teamwork and commitment from all parties and requires a genuine partnership between the community, the police, local authority and other partners. To one extent Community policing controls crime but also meets the needs of the community.   Community policing provides a quality, efficient and a comprehensive police service that is customer focused and most of all, ensures that the police move away from a reacting policing approach but to a proactive approach where the concept is to prevent crime.   

Examine the view that theoretical issues are the most important factor influencing sociologist’s choice of research methods Essay

Many sociologists argue that theoretical issues are the most important factors to affect choice of method. Theoretical issues refer to what we think society is like and if we can obtain an accurate and truthful picture of it. There are four different concerns regarding theoretical issues which influence sociologist’s choice of research methods. Validity is a method that gives a true or genuine picture of what something is really like, which helps the researcher easily find out the truth. Sociologists argue that the use of qualitative methods such as Participant Observation gives a more valid, truthful account as it provides us with a deeper insight through firsthand experience. The next issue that influences sociologist’s choice is reliability which comes from Latin, replica meaning an exact copy of something. This results in the method being able to be repeated and creates a less bias and more accurate research again and again. Quantitative methods such as written ques tionnaires can be used as they are more reliable results than qualitative methods such as unstructured interviews. Another theoretical issue is representativeness which refers to how much of the characteristics you are looking for is represented by the people being studied. For example if a sociologist is researching single parent homes, you will not interview nuclear families, because they are not representing the variables they are looking for. Similarly if someone is investigating delinquency, they will not conduct their research in a place that is very well developed or a place that has a lot of wealthy people living there, because it would not be representative of the phenomena they wish to study. The last theoretical issue is methological perspective which is a choice of method that is influenced by their perspective – their view of what society is and how we should study it. There are two contrasting perspectives on choice of methods: positivism – which prefers quantitative data and seeks to discover patterns of behaviour and see’s sociology as a science. Whereas the interpretive perspective prefer qualitative data and seek to understand social actors (those who exercise free will) meanings, they reject the view that sociolog y is a science. However with practical issues may be seen as an important factor which influences sociologists choice of research methods. It is important to understand the topic or group being studied. For  example, if the topic is sensitive, such as domestic violence, bullying, grades at school etc. For sensitive information, unstructured interviews would be the best research method as the researcher can build up a rapport with the participant, meaning that the participant would be more likely to open up to the researcher. For example, Dobash and Dobash carried out informal interviews on women who had experienced domestic violence. Another practical factor that affects choice of method is the social characteristics of the researcher. For example a 30 year old man from the upper middle class would find it impossible to pass off as a 17 year old female sixth form student from a working class area. This would mean that they wouldn’t be able to use covert participant observation as a research method. Instead, they should use questionnaires for information if they need quantitative data (e.g. roughly how many hours they do homework for) or semi-structured interviews if they wanted qualitative data (e.g. to talk about if they were happy with their subject choice). Lastly some sociologists may agree that ethical issues has the biggest impact on the choice of research methods – ethical issues involve right and wrong or what is considered good, and what is considered evil in a society. The methods that sociologists use to study people may raise a range of ethical questions. There has been a guideline put in place by The British Sociological Association for the conduct of research. Vulnerable groups which special care should be taken where research participants are particularly vulnerable because of their ethnic background, age, physical or mental health. For example when a researcher is studying children at school, they should regard an issue of child protection and need consent from both the child and the parent/career and provide information that children can understand. Confientiality and privary where researchers must keep the identity of research partipcants secret in order to help prevent possible negative effects of them. They should also respect the privary of research participants. Personal information conserning any participant should be kept confidential. In conclusion Theoretical issues is the biggest influence of their choice of research methods because of the major influence on the choice of research topic; for example a new right research er will want to study the effect of welfare benefits on the growth of lone-parent  families, since the idea of welfare dependency is central to their standpoint. Contrastingly, a feminist researcher will likely be more inclined to choose to study domestic violence, as opposition to gender oppressions lies at the core of feminist theory

The Effects Of Binge Drinking On College Campuses - 901 Words

Successful or Unsuccessfully Bruffee unsuccessfully grabbed my attention because his persuasive ways were weak and ineffective. I find his persuasiveness to be imprecise with no correlation between binge drinking and loneliness to which he refers as due to the lack of friends and being unfamiliar to school grounds led him to join a fraternity. For instance, his claims are supported based on personal experiences and personal observations such as students having difficulty of making a new group of friends, desperate to belong and academic background. Unlike Weschler, Bruffee does not use scientific studies, real examples and realistic solutions to adequately connect binge drinkers and introverts; therefore, Bruffee is less successful because he failed to support many of his claims, and his conclusion is incomplete. First of all, I would like to give Bruffee some credibility on his introduction trying to capture my interest on why binge drinking is an issue in college campuses, in which he provides statistic reports with cause and effect. However, credibility gets lost when he uses himself as an example of why students join fraternities to the extent to say that one of the reasons he joined was because he felt desperately to belong. In addition, Bruffee also implies that â€Å"Fitting in† motivates freshmen students to join fraternities and sororities which leads them to binge drinking. In my own perspective, his claims are lack of supports and based on assumptions of his ownShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Binge Drinking On College Campuses846 Words   |  4 Pagesconsumption occurs in the form of Binge Drinking, which experts say peaks at the age of nineteen.† (qtd by Listfield). Binge Drinking is the consumption of excessive amounts of alcohol in a short period of time. The author, Emily Listfield, defines that the standard alcohol consumption over a two hour period is considered to be four beers for women and five beers for men. This has become a great distraction for college students nationwide and a major dilemma on college campuses. Nearly two hundred thousandRead MoreEffects Of Binge Drinking On College Campuses1038 Words   |  5 PagesSince 1997, binge drinking has been increasing each year (Wechsler, Lee, Kuo. 2010). Binge drinking is no stranger to San Jose State University as well as college campuses nationwide (Police Department, n.d.). Binge drinking has been on epidemic on college campuses and continues to grow over the course of time with alarming numbers of incidents that occur while under the influence. Since binge drinking is common on most college campuses, about 60% of students nationwide have stated that they haveRead MoreEffects Of Binge Drinking On College Campuses1202 Words   |  5 Pages1997, binge drinking has increased each year (Wechsler, Lee, Kuo. 2010). Binge drinking is no stranger to San Jose State University as well as college campuses nationwide (Police Department, n.d.). Binge drinking has been on epidemic on college campuses and continues to grow over the course of time with alarming numbers of incidents that occur while under the influence. Since binge drinking is common on most college campuses, about 60% of students nationwide have stated that they have binge drankRead MoreThe Effects Of Binge Drinking And Sexual Assault On College Campuses1411 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States is a country of freedom. Most of people can find their lives which they want. Especially, the college students can join in some activates and clubs. Their campus lives are always fulfilling. However, there are still some dangers among the campus, and most is from the students themselves. Recent survey estimates provided by Fisher, Cullen, and Turner (2000) revealed that for every 1,000 women attending institutions of higher education, there may well be 35 incidents of rape in aRead MoreEssay on Informative Speech631 Words   |  3 Pagescategories: (1) Content (2) Organization (3) Sources (4) Achievement of specific purpose (5) Symbolization SPS: To inform my audience about binge drinking on college campuses. CIS: Binge drinking is a significant problem on college campuses, there are alarming statistics about the prevalence of binge drinking, and how binge drinking affects the lives of other students. Org Pattern: Topical Introduction I. Have you ever been to a party and drank too much? How much is too much? Read MoreCause Effect of Binge Drinking Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pagesunplanned sexual activity all have in common? They are all frequent results of binge drinking by college students. On a typical Friday or Saturday night you can find the average college student out drinking and having fun. Normally partying with friends at a party, bar, or club; most of these college students are underage consuming excessive amounts of alcohol, or as its better known, â€Å"binge drinking.†The term binge drinking is defined as the consumption of five or more drinks in a row by men and fourRead MoreBinge Drinking vs the Drinking Age Essays829 Words   |  4 Pages2013 Binge Drinking VS the Drinking Age Presidents of college campuses around the nation face issues of underage drinking and binge drinking on a regular basis and realizes that it is a danger and a problem. â€Å"Alcohol consumption is the third leading cause of death in the U.S., a major contributing factor to unintentional injuries, the leading cause of death for youths and young adults, and accounts for an estimated 75,000 or more deaths in the United States annually† (Wechsler 2010). Binge drinkingRead MoreBinge Drinking On College Campuses1459 Words   |  6 PagesMr. Paul October 28, 2014 Binge Drinking On College Campuses Over the past few years, there has been this big debate about whether the drinking age should be lowered to 18 or if it should stay at 21. Those in favor of lowering the drinking age to 18 argue that someone who is old enough to serve their country should be allowed to have a drink. Those who are in favor of keeping the minimum legal drinking age at 21 because of consequences regarding psychological developmentRead MoreAlcohol Issues on College Campuses1181 Words   |  5 PagesAlcohol Issues on College Campuses â€Å"Binge Drinking on College Campuses.† Center for Science in the Public for Science, Center for Science in the Public Interest. Web. 21Mar. 2012. The Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI) discusses that students enrolled in college are more likely to consume alcohol than their peers than do not attend college. They report that 1700 college students die yearly due to alcohol. The increasing number of college students drinking has resulted in higher incidencesRead MoreOne More Drink For The Good Times925 Words   |  4 Pageslittle drinking this weekend!!† That statement is one heard among the college community nationwide nowadays. Binge drinking with others to gain new friendships, meet people, among other reasons, on college campuses is the thought process countless students believe today. â€Å"The Harvard School of Public Health found in 1993 that binge drinking is widespread on American campuses, particularly among members of fraternities and sororities (Bruffee, 1999).† If college students think binge drinking and partying

The State Of Nature And Government - 1315 Words

THE STATE OF NATURE AND GOVERNMENT Chloe Holmeshaw BF190 Dr. Charles Wells October 11, 2015 The State of Nature and Government The State of Nature and governing in â€Å"The State of Nature† are two subject that Hobbes and Locke both discuss in their book. The enlightenment period was a time of Learning, new inventions, new theories, and new government. Two prominent figures that became known during the enlightenment were Thomas Hobbes (1588-1674) and John Locke (1632-1704). These enlightenment authors represent two different side of the political spectrum; Locke represents the right wing with his book â€Å"Second Treatise on Civil Government† and â€Å"A Letter Concerning Toleration† and Hobbes represent the left wing with his book â€Å"Leviathan†. They are important because they introduced two different ideas of the States of Nature and the type of social contract and government that should be regulating it. This paper is demonstrating how the state of nature effects the type of government needs to run the state. Thomas Hobbes is an enlightenment philosopher from England; he is known for his on political philosophy. He published his enlightenment novel Leviathan in 1651; his book discusses the structure of society and government. His book was one of the most influential pieces of work during the Enlightenment period. He contributed to the independence of the United States from England. He wrote his book during the English civil wars. The fear he experienced during thatShow MoreRelatedThe Second Treatise On Civil Government And State Of Nature1815 Words   |  8 Pages Throughout 17th century England, religion had a huge impact on the way the government was ruled. In turn, this has caused many problems amongst different sects, most notably in the lead up to the publication of John Locke’s The Second Treatise on Civil Government and A Letter Concerning Toleration. It would appear that the official religion of Britain would change with the hands of the monarch at the time, particularly during the period known as the ‘Wars of the Three Kingdoms’ and later the ‘GloriousRead MoreThomas Hobbes and John Lockes Varying Presentations of the Social Contract Theory1499 Words   |  6 Pagespolitical philosophy, namely Hobbes’ Leviathan and Locke’s Two Treatise of Government. Both works contain a different view of a State of Nature and lay out social contracts designed to neutralize the chaos inherent in that state. Though Hobbes and Locke have a different understanding of the State of Nature, they share similar social contracts, except with regards to representation and the role of the government through the State of Nature. Hobbes and Locke have similar social contracts because in both ofRead MoreHobbes Human Nature Essay1424 Words   |  6 Pagesviewpoints about human nature, the origin of the state, the nature of government, and the grounds for revolution. Although Hobbes and Locke agreed on some general facets of political theory, Thomas Hobbes’ generally presented a pessimistic, provocative view of politics, while John Locke tended towards a more optimist and mainstream approach to explaining constitutional theory. In regards to human nature, both Hobbes and Locke agree that the purpose of government relies on the nature of humanity itselfRead MoreState of Nature and Social Contract1323 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscuss social contract theory and the state of nature followed by John Locke’s Second Treatise of Government, both of their theories are distinct form each other but yet related. Hobbes and lock are both considered the first classical liberals, they differed from other classical philosophers because of their individualistic society, rather than a communal society that promotes the moral way to live one’s life. According to classical liberalism the government should not promote morality, rather toRead MoreJohn Locke : The Limitations Of Government And The Natural State1475 Words   |  6 Pages John Locke: The Limitations of Government and the Natural State Brandon Lee 10/31/17 Outline Submit for: Political Theory (Govt 251) Fall 2017 Professor Lindskog I. John Locke had been influential in the American governmental system. His ideas outlined in the Second Treatise on Government, dramatically influenced the America revolution and the formation of the United States Declaration of Independence. Modern democracy can thank Locke for his ideas on equal rights, separationRead MoreJohn Locke And The Law Of Nature976 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Law of Nature is crucial and necessary to understand his work the ‘Second Treatise of Government’. His beliefs in limited government and individual rights are perceived throughout the entire text, but in order to understand why he believes this it is necessary to understand and analyze three elements. First one must understand what the Law of Nature is according to John Locke and why it is an essential element towards all individuals. Second one must understand how the Law of Nature interactsRead MoreJohn Locke And Thomas Hobbes1287 Words   |  6 Pages There should also be rules that the people under the ruler need to obey. The governing body of a nation, state, or community is classified as a government. In order to run a proper political system, one must know how to balance and consider the nature of humankind and their rights. John Locke and Thomas Hobbes were both political philosophers who developed theories about how the government should work. They set up their theories around The Natural Law and the Social Contract Theory. Although JohnRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke1348 Words   |  6 Pagescentury English Revolution, a radically changing government led English writers, philosophers, and politicians to expand upon the notion of human nature, based on their own beliefs and experiences. Two of these renowned English thinkers, Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, embodied the rising movement of using reason to make judgments on government, society, and the role of the king. Despite approaching the question of human nature with similar foundations, The Sta te of Equality, Hobbes and Locke develop entirelyRead MoreEssay Government1525 Words   |  7 Pagesthe need to create a form of government arises from fulfilling the need of security. In order for government to provide this security, it is necessary for government to be able to use its authority in any way it pleases. Locke and Mill on the other hand believe that government should be able to provide security for its citizens, but in order to do this government does not need to be large rather it should be limited. Thus, the question arises of how limited government should be in order to provideRead MoreWhat Does Political Legitimacy Of The State Of Nature?921 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Hobbes, and in, The Second Treatise of Government, by John Locke different theories of political legitimacy and definitions of the state of nature are described. The following paragraphs analyze multiple different points that are imperative to understanding these political theories. In the reading, Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes discusses what human existence is in the state of nature and the state of war. As it is described, the state of nature refers to how men were made equal in the faculties